山东地区既有公共建筑节能改造及节能率的研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 16:09

本文关键词：山东地区既有公共建筑节能改造及节能率的研究　出处：《山东建筑大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：能源问题一直是困扰人类生存与发展的重大问题,作为世界上发展最快的经济大国,能源问题在我国显得尤为突出。如何突破能源发展瓶颈是我国现阶段面临的一项重大挑战,建筑节能是关键性的应对战略之一。建筑节能是一项涉及全社会方方面面,与工程技术、文化理念、生活方式、社会公平等多方面问题密切相关的全社会行动,建筑节能研究工作的开展,意义重大。本文以山东地区的既有公共建筑为研究对象,采取实地调研、文献查阅和数值模拟等方法,研究了山东地区既有公共建筑能耗现状、节能改造潜力以及适宜的技术路线。主要的研究内容如下:通过查阅文献资料、现场实地调研的方法,调查了山东地区机关办公、商务办公、商场、宾馆酒店等各类既有公共建筑的基本信息及建筑能源使用情况。其中,基本信息包括:建筑类型、建筑面积、建筑物所在地、竣工时间、所执行节能标准、建筑围护结构信息、供暖热源、空调冷源等内容;建筑能源使用情况内容为2012~2014年建筑物运行所消耗的电、人工煤气、天然气、煤炭、市政热力等能源的全年数据。运用数理统计方法对所得数据进行统计分析,得出山东地区各类公共建筑能耗现状,机关办公建筑能耗144.8kWh/(m2?a)、商务办公建筑能耗176.1kWh/(m2?a)、商场能耗247.4kWh/(m2?a)、五星级酒店能耗204.2kWh/(m2?a)、四星级酒店能耗150.3kWh/(m2?a)、三星级及以下能耗137.6kWh/(m2?a)。根据调研,选取4个既有建筑(机关办公、商务办公、商场、宾馆酒店各一个)作为典型建筑建立计算机模型,利用建筑能耗模拟软件DeST,进行能耗模拟,将模拟结果与调研统计数据进行对比分析,山东地区机关办公建筑、商务办公建筑、商场建筑及宾馆酒店建筑的能耗偏差分别为4.4%、8.6%、7.8%及6.7%,模拟能耗与调研能耗基本吻合;并以《公共建筑节能设计标准》GB50189-2015提供的公共建筑模型作为参照建筑,通过对比评定法计算节能率,分析山东地区既有公共建筑的节能潜力,提升该地区既有公共建筑围护结构热工性能,将带来7.10%~8.10%的节能率;改善冷水机组的性能,提高COP,可节能2.93%~4.12%;对照明进行优化,使用高效率的设备,可节能6.74%~11.45%。在寒冷地区公共建筑节能改造常用技术的基础上,分析适宜山东地区既有公共建筑分别在围护结构、暖通空调系统、照明系统等方面进行改造的技术措施;结合典型建筑模型,提出该地区既有公共建筑节能改造适宜性技术方案,运用计算机模拟,得出采用该技术方案的节能效果;并以单一节能措施收益投资比即SIR值和节能方案的节能率为分析指标,对既定模型进行经济性分析,得到最优方案节能率为11.21%,投资回收期为4.93a。
[Abstract]:Energy problem has always been a major problem puzzling the survival and development of mankind, as the fastest growing economic power in the world. Energy problem is particularly prominent in our country. How to break through the bottleneck of energy development is a major challenge facing our country at this stage. Building energy saving is one of the key coping strategies. Building energy saving is a social action involving all aspects of society, closely related to engineering technology, cultural concept, life style, social equity and other issues. The research work of building energy conservation is of great significance. This paper takes the existing public buildings in Shandong area as the research object, and adopts the methods of field investigation, literature reference and numerical simulation. The present situation of energy consumption of existing public buildings in Shandong area, the potential of energy-saving transformation and the appropriate technical route are studied. The main research contents are as follows: through the reference of literature, the method of field investigation. This paper investigates the basic information and energy use of all kinds of existing public buildings in Shandong Province, such as office office, business office, shopping mall, hotel and so on. Among them, the basic information includes: building type, building area. The location of the building, completion time, the implementation of energy-saving standards, building envelope structure information, heating heat source, air conditioning cold source and other content; The use of building energy is the electricity, artificial gas, natural gas and coal consumed in the operation of buildings from 2012 to 2014. The annual data of municipal heating and other energy sources. Statistical analysis of the data obtained by the use of mathematical statistics, the status quo of energy consumption of all kinds of public buildings in Shandong area is obtained. Office building energy consumption 144.8 kWh-m-2? A, business office building energy consumption 176.1 kWh-1 / m2? A, shopping mall energy consumption 247.4 kWh-m-2? A, five-star hotel energy consumption 204.2 kWh-m2? A, four-star hotel energy consumption 150.3 kWh-m-2? Energy consumption of three stars and below 137.6 kWh-1 / m2? According to the investigation and research, four existing buildings (one for office, one for business, one for shopping mall and one for hotel) are selected as typical buildings to establish computer model, and the building energy consumption simulation software DeST is used. For energy consumption simulation, the simulation results and statistical data are compared and analyzed. The deviation of energy consumption of office building, business office building, shopping mall building and hotel building in Shandong area is 4.4%, respectively. 8. 6% and 6. 7%, the simulated energy consumption is basically consistent with the investigation energy consumption. The model of public building provided by GB50189-2015 is taken as reference, and the energy saving rate is calculated by comparison and evaluation method. The energy saving potential of the existing public buildings in Shandong area is analyzed, and the thermal performance of the envelope structure of the existing public buildings in this area is improved, which will bring about 7.1010% energy saving rate. Improving the performance of chillers and increasing COP can save energy 2.93% 4.12%; Lighting optimization, the use of high-efficiency equipment, can save energy 6.74 / 11.45. on the basis of the common technologies of energy-saving transformation of public buildings in cold areas. This paper analyzes the technical measures suitable for the renovation of the existing public buildings in Shandong in the aspects of enclosure structure, HVAC system, lighting system and so on. Combined with the typical building model, this paper puts forward the suitable technical scheme of energy-saving transformation of the existing public buildings in this area, and obtains the energy-saving effect by using the computer simulation. Taking the single energy saving measure income investment ratio that is the SIR value and the energy saving rate of the energy saving scheme as the analysis index, the economic analysis of the established model shows that the optimal energy saving rate of the scheme is 11.21%. The investment payback period is 4.93 a.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU242;TU111.195

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