基于元胞自动机的低影响开发对城市内涝削减效果模拟

发布时间：2018-01-11 23:25

本文关键词：基于元胞自动机的低影响开发对城市内涝削减效果模拟　出处：《自然资源学报》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：低影响开发措施是解决城市内涝问题的重要途径。为评估其对城市内涝的防控效果,论文以福建省长汀县县城为研究案例,提出适宜在研究区开展的透水铺装、下凹式绿地、雨水罐等低影响开发措施方案,利用基于元胞自动机模型的城市内涝模型进行模拟,并通过验证发现元胞自动机模型可有效模拟城市内涝过程。对比低影响开发改造前后的内涝情况,结果显示:1)低影响开发措施能使内涝积水总量削减超过50%,暴雨重现期越长对内涝现象的削弱效果越低;2)通过分析改造前后内涝积水区的空间格局及变化特征,可见大部分内涝积水区在改造后积水削减幅度较大,卧龙山北部及汀江干流左岸的积水区内涝情况改善幅度较小;3)低影响开发改造削减效果最好的为积水深度低于0.2 m的区域,其次为积水深度高于0.5 m的区域,对积水深度处于0.2~0.5 m的区域削减效果并不明显。研究表明低影响开发措施可有效控制城市的内涝灾害。
[Abstract]:Low impact development measures are an important way to solve the problem of urban waterlogging. In order to evaluate the effect of urban waterlogging prevention and control, this paper takes Changting County, Fujian Province as a case study, and puts forward the suitable impervious pavement in the study area. The urban waterlogging model based on cellular automata model is used to simulate the low-impact development measures such as concave green space and Rain Water tank. It is found that the cellular automata model can effectively simulate the urban waterlogging process and compare the waterlogging situation before and after the development and transformation of the low impact. The results show that the low impact development measures can reduce the total amount of waterlogging water by more than 50%, and the longer the recurrence period of rainstorm, the lower the weakening effect of the waterlogging phenomenon; 2) by analyzing the spatial pattern and change characteristics of waterlogging hydrological area before and after transformation, it can be seen that most of the waterlogged hydrological areas have a large reduction in water accumulation after transformation. In the north of Wolong Mountain and on the left bank of the main stream of the Ting River, the waterlogging situation in the hydrological area is relatively small. 3) the best reduction effect of low impact development and transformation is the area with water depth less than 0.2 m, followed by the area with water depth higher than 0.5 m. The results show that the low impact development measures can effectively control the urban waterlogging disaster.
【作者单位】：南京大学地理与海洋科学学院;南京大学建筑与城市规划学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51278239)~~
【分类号】：TU992
【正文快照】： 随着快速城市化进程的推进,城市不透水面迅速增多对城市原有水文循环造成破坏,加之极端天气频发[1],“逢雨必涝”已成为城市的常态之一。频发的内涝灾害对城市发展造成严重制约,面对日益严峻的内涝灾害,盲目加大城市排水管网的建设力度、增设排涝泵站等措施难以从根本上解决城

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