基于野外调查的北京地区岩石园建造

发布时间：2018-01-12 23:36

本文关键词：基于野外调查的北京地区岩石园建造　出处：《北京农学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：西方岩石园以其丰富的植物种类和高山景观广受瞩目,经过长期发展,已具备相对成熟的建设模式和稳定的景观效果。而岩石园在中国的建造及应用尚处于起步阶段,对岩石园起源的不明确、混淆岩石园与我国传统假山园的概念、岩石植物资源的匮乏等都是制约我国岩石园发展的因素。本课题的研究主要通过查阅文献、野外实地调查和营造实践相结合的方法,探究在北京营建岩石园可使用的岩生植物种类及造景形式,即在北京地区营建岩石园的可能性。首先通过对野外岩石景观的调查,对构成岩石园的景观元素(植物种类、岩石类型等)及结构构成进行提炼和描述,以期获得其对岩石园建造的启示;此外,本试验引种28种野生岩生或高山植物,以探讨这些植物对北京地区环境的适应性及应用的可能性;最后,利用自然岩石景观调查中获得的启示,筛选引种适应性较好的野生植物并辅以部分栽培植物尝试构建了一个小型岩石园,特别说明其选材依据和建设要点,以期对岩石园的实际建设工作有借鉴意义并促进岩石园在我国城市中的推广应用。试验得到以下结论:1、通过对北京、河北、内蒙和吉林的几处典型岩石生境进行调查,调查包括主要岩生植物种类、岩石类型及岩石生境,通过对地形与周边岩石资源的分析,确定模拟的自然景观类型,可为自然式岩石园、石砾坡等岩石生境的构建提供启示。2、通过对28种野生岩石或高山植物的引种,发现翠雀(Delphinium grandiflorum)、岩青兰(Dracocephalum rupestre)、二色补血草(Limonium bicolor)等16种采自低海拔地区的岩生植物适应性较好,可直接应用于岩石园的构建;而其余12种典型高山植物的适应性差,只有经过生物学特性的研究后才可能进行应用。3、基于上述试验成果,进行小型岩石园的营建试验,所建造的岩石园景观丰富,具有将其应用于阳台花园、屋顶花园的推广价值。
[Abstract]:The western rock garden has attracted much attention for its abundant plant species and alpine landscape, and has been developed for a long time. The construction and application of rock garden in China is still in its infancy, the origin of rock garden is not clear, and the concept of rock garden and traditional rockery garden is confused. The scarcity of rock plant resources is the factor that restricts the development of rock garden in our country. The research of this subject is mainly through consulting literature, field investigation and construction practice. This paper explores the types and forms of lithophytes that can be used to build rock gardens in Beijing, that is, the possibility of constructing rock gardens in Beijing. Firstly, the investigation of rock landscape in the field is carried out. The landscape elements (plant species, rock types, etc.) and the structural composition of the rock garden are refined and described in order to obtain its inspiration to the rock garden construction. In addition, 28 species of wild lithophytes or alpine plants were introduced to explore the adaptability and application of these plants to the environment in Beijing area. Finally, based on the inspiration obtained from the investigation of natural rock landscape, a small rock orchard was constructed by selecting and introducing wild plants with good adaptability and adding some cultivated plants to try to build a small rock orchard. In particular, the material selection basis and construction points are explained, in order to provide reference for the actual construction of rock garden and to promote the popularization and application of rock garden in Chinese cities. The following conclusion is obtained from the experiment: 1, through the analysis of Beijing. Several typical rock habitats in Hebei, Inner Mongolia and Jilin were investigated, including the main lithophyte species, rock types and rock habitats. The topography and surrounding rock resources were analyzed. The identification of simulated natural landscape types can provide inspiration for the construction of rock habitats such as natural rock orchards and gravel slopes. 28 species of wild rocks or alpine plants are introduced. Delphinium grandiflorum, Dracocephalum rupestrea. There are 16 kinds of lithophytes collected from low altitude area, such as Limonium bicolor), which have good adaptability, and can be directly used in the construction of rock orchard. But the other 12 typical alpine plants have poor adaptability, only after the biological characteristics of the study can be applied. 3, based on the above experimental results, the small rock garden construction experiment. The rock garden is rich in landscape and can be applied to terrace garden and roof garden.
【学位授予单位】：北京农学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU986;S68

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