分区域变尺度网格的社区火灾场景数值仿真

发布时间：2018-01-16 14:07

本文关键词：分区域变尺度网格的社区火灾场景数值仿真　出处：《中国图象图形学报》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的火灾场景数值仿真对消防救援和应急疏散具有重要意义。火灾场景仿真需要对室内外地物及环境进行精细建模和大量数值计算,而传统地图和空间分析无法满足日趋复杂的建筑物消防场景表达。为此本文基于室内外地图研究基础,构建面向社区安全的火灾场景数值仿真模型。方法通过传统制图技术建立社区地物分布模型,利用室内制图技术建立建筑物内部场景,利用3维建模技术重建社区室内外3维模型,引入火灾数值模拟方程进行仿真计算。根据社区建筑物分布和其内部结构复杂程度的差异,提出分区域变尺度的网格划分方法,以提高计算效率。结果通过对红树湾社区进行"精细"、"粗糙"和"分区域变尺度"3种不同方法的仿真实验,分析火灾模型的计算速度、温度场及烟气扩散情况。与精细网格方法相比,分区域变尺度方法和粗糙网格方法的计算速度是其8倍和24倍,烟气最低能见度误差为2 m和13.5 m,分区域变尺度方法相较于粗糙网格方法与精细网格方法的温度变化曲线更加吻合。分区域变尺度方法的模拟精度更接近于精细网格方法,同时效率得到提升。结论本文提出的火灾场景仿真模型将室内制图应用扩展到社区消防研究,实验结果表明,所提出的分区域变尺度网格划分方法能够在保证数值模拟精度的前提下提高仿真效率,具有重要的应用价值。
[Abstract]:Objective numerical simulation of fire scene is of great significance to fire rescue and emergency evacuation. Fire scene simulation needs detailed modeling and a large number of numerical calculations for indoor objects and environment. Traditional maps and spatial analysis can not meet the increasingly complex building fire scene representation. Therefore, this paper based on indoor and outdoor map research foundation. The numerical simulation model of fire scene for community safety was constructed. Methods the distribution model of community features was established by traditional cartographic technology and the interior scene of building was established by indoor mapping technology. Three-dimensional modeling technology is used to reconstruct the three-dimensional model in and out of the community, and the fire numerical simulation equation is introduced to carry out the simulation calculation. According to the difference of the distribution of community buildings and the complexity of their internal structure. In order to improve the computational efficiency, a meshing method with sub-area variable scale was proposed. Results the simulation experiments were carried out on three different methods of "fine", "rough" and "sub-regional variable scale" in the community of Redtree Bay. The computational speed, temperature field and smoke diffusion of the fire model are analyzed. Compared with the fine grid method, the computational speed of the zonal variable scale method and the rough grid method is 8 and 24 times higher than that of the fine grid method. The minimum visibility error of smoke is 2 m and 13.5 m. Compared with the rough grid method and the fine grid method, the temperature variation curve of the sub-region variable scale method is more consistent, and the simulation accuracy of the sub-region variable scale method is closer to that of the fine grid method. At the same time, the efficiency is improved. Conclusion the fire scene simulation model proposed in this paper extends the indoor drawing to the community fire fighting research, and the experimental results show that. The proposed method can improve the efficiency of numerical simulation on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of numerical simulation, and has important application value.
【作者单位】：中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划基金项目(2015BAJ02B03,2014BAL04B06)~~
【分类号】：TP391.9;TU998.1
【正文快照】： 0引言社区作为社会的基本单元,是城市中人类生活居住的重要场所,社区安全是和谐社会发展的一个重要组成部分。据统计中国每年有1 700人死于火灾,1 500人于火灾中受伤,直接经济损失高达16亿元[1]。大量事故表明,火灾燃烧释放的有毒烟气以及燃烧形成的高温环境是影响火灾中人员

【相似文献】