某机电安装公司项目生产效率评价研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 00:08

本文关键词： 建筑工程机电安装生产效率评价 DEA　出处：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：建筑业在国民经济中占据着非常重要的地位,同时,机电安装又是建筑工程中非常重要的一个环节,直接关系到后期建筑使用功能及舒适程度。近年来,随着建筑业整体业绩下滑,市场竞争日趋激烈,对于机电安装施工企业来说,急需通过不断的提高自身效率、增强竞争力来应对市场环境。项目是施工企业的基本单元,企业整体业绩的提升需要从项目着手,但同时企业又缺乏对项目生产效率进行精确评判的手段,通过传统的业绩结果无法直观掌握项目生产的有效程度。因此,如何运用科学的方法来评判项目层面施工效率的优劣,奖优罚劣,针对性的改进,提高公司整体效率是一个具有重要意义的课题。本文以某建筑机电安装公司的工程项目为研究对象,选用DEA方法,通过建立评价指标体系,对机电工程生产效率进行评价计算,得到各个项目的有效性排序。本文首先对研究的目的和意义进行明晰,对既有的相关研究进行分析总结,确定了文章的研究方法与研究内容。在提出问题后,介绍了生产效率以及生产效率评价的基本概念,对比了常用的效率评价方法,选择DEA作为本文生产效率研究的方法。通过对DEA方法基本原理及模型的介绍,明确了 DEA效率评价的步骤。在此基础上,结合建筑机电施工特点,建立了评价指标体系,选取“人工费、材料费、机械费、管理费、工期”作为投入指标,“利润、产值”作为产出指标,收集某机电安装公司近期16个项目的实际成本数据,运用DEAP2.1软件、MATLAB R2014a软件进行分析计算,评价其生产效率。本文运用DEA方法对项目的生产效率有效性进行排序,考虑到传统DEA方法的局限性,通过引入交叉效率评价方法,得到了一种更为科学的项目有效性排序方式。通过排序,即可得知项目之间的相对有效性,对项目管理团队的管理水平进行评判。DEA还可以通过研究相对无效项目各指标的偏差情况,找到项目相对无效的原因,对相对效率不足项目的管理团队进行针对性的督促培训,在接下来的项目管理中改进自己的工作方法与思路。除了对已完工项目的评判与排序,还可以应用于新开工项目的过程实时监控,及时发现项目过程中出现的效率偏低现象,有针对性的提出解决问题并提高效率的思路,为以后的项目管理提供一定的借鉴,为该公司机电安装工程生产效率的提高提供一定的理论支持。对于该机电安装公司具有较大的实践意义。
[Abstract]:The construction industry occupies a very important position in the national economy, at the same time, the electromechanical installation is also a very important link in the building engineering, directly related to the later building use function and comfort degree in recent years. With the decline of the overall performance of the construction industry, the market competition is becoming increasingly fierce, for the mechanical and electrical installation construction enterprises, it is urgent to improve their own efficiency. The project is the basic unit of the construction enterprise. The improvement of the overall performance of the enterprise needs to start from the project, but at the same time, the enterprise lacks the means to accurately judge the project production efficiency. Through the traditional results of performance can not directly grasp the effective degree of project production. Therefore, how to use scientific methods to judge the quality of construction efficiency at the project level, rewards and penalties, targeted improvement. Improving the overall efficiency of the company is an important issue. This paper takes the engineering project of a building mechanical and electrical installation company as the research object, selects the DEA method, and establishes the evaluation index system. To evaluate and calculate the production efficiency of mechanical and electrical engineering, get the ranking of the effectiveness of each project. Firstly, the purpose and significance of the study are clear, and the existing related research is analyzed and summarized. After putting forward the questions, the basic concepts of production efficiency and production efficiency evaluation are introduced, and the common efficiency evaluation methods are compared. DEA is chosen as the research method of production efficiency in this paper. By introducing the basic principle and model of DEA method, the steps of DEA efficiency evaluation are clarified. On this basis, the characteristics of building electromechanical construction are combined. Set up the evaluation index system, select "labor cost, material cost, machinery fee, management fee, time limit" as input index, "profit, output value" as output index. This paper collects the actual cost data of 16 projects in a mechanical and electrical installation company, and makes analysis and calculation by using DEAP2.1 software MATLAB R2014a. In this paper, the DEA method is used to sort the efficiency of the project. Considering the limitations of the traditional DEA method, the cross-efficiency evaluation method is introduced. A more scientific method of project validity ranking is obtained, and the relative validity between items can be obtained by sorting. To evaluate the management level of the project management team. DEA can also study the deviation of each index of the relatively invalid project to find the reason of the project relatively invalid. To the relatively inefficient project management team targeted supervision and training, in the next project management to improve their own working methods and ideas, in addition to the completed project evaluation and ranking. It can also be applied to the real-time monitoring of the process of the newly started project, to find out the phenomenon of low efficiency in the process of the project in time, and to put forward the idea of solving the problem and improving the efficiency. It can provide some reference for the project management in the future and provide certain theoretical support for the improvement of the production efficiency of the mechanical and electrical installation engineering of the company, which is of great practical significance for the mechanical and electrical installation company.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.92

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