液气复合驱动液压挖掘机动臂运行特性及能效

发布时间：2018-01-23 17:58

本文关键词： 三腔液压缸液气储能势能回收　出处：《机械工程学报》2017年20期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：液压挖掘机作业中,大质量动臂举升储存的势能经液压阀口节流转化为热能耗散,不仅浪费能源,还使液压油温度升高,需附加冷却系统降温,增加了机器的成本和复杂性。为解决上述问题,在原有负载敏感驱动回路的基础上,提出基于三腔液压缸的工作装置自重液气平衡势能回收利用方法,三腔液压缸中一个油腔与液压蓄能器直接连通,存储利用工作装置的势能。研究中,首先根据前期的仿真结果,建立了基于三腔液压缸的液压挖掘机测试样机,通过试验,分析对比了分别采用两腔液压缸和三腔液压缸驱动动臂的运行特性与能效特性,测试结果表明,增加液气储能容腔后,提高了系统运行的平稳性,动臂运行过程中的能耗降低48.5%,峰值功率降低64.7%,节能效果显著。新的方法也同样适用于各类液压缸驱动的重载举升装置。
[Abstract]:In the operation of hydraulic excavator, the potential energy stored by lifting and storing of large mass moving arm is transformed into heat energy dissipation by throttling of hydraulic valve, which not only wastes energy, but also increases the temperature of hydraulic oil, and needs additional cooling system to cool down. The cost and complexity of the machine are increased. In order to solve the above problems, a three-chamber hydraulic cylinder based on self-weight liquid-gas balance potential energy recovery method is put forward on the basis of the original load sensitive drive circuit. One of the three cavity hydraulic cylinders is directly connected with the hydraulic accumulator to store and utilize the potential energy of the working device. Firstly, according to the previous simulation results, the test prototype of the hydraulic excavator based on the three-cavity hydraulic cylinder is established. Through the experiment, the operating characteristics and the energy efficiency characteristics of the actuating arm with two and three cavity hydraulic cylinders are analyzed and compared respectively. The test results show that the stability of the system can be improved by increasing the energy storage capacity of the liquid gas. The energy consumption during the operation of the arm is reduced by 48.5 and the peak power is reduced by 64.7. The new method is also suitable for the heavy-load lifting device driven by various hydraulic cylinders.
【作者单位】：太原理工大学新型传感器与智能控制教育部和山西省重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(U1510206,51675364) 山西省研究生教育创新(2017BY045)资助项目
【分类号】：TU621
【正文快照】： 0前言挖掘机工作过程中,动臂频繁地举升下降,动臂下降时,其具有的势能经过阀口节流作用转化为热量而浪费掉,造成极大的能量损失。如果能够回(9)国家自然科学基金(U1510206,51675364)和山西省研究生教育创新(2017BY045)资助项目。20170124收到初稿,20170525收到修改稿收利用这

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