广州市植物墙调查研究及设计营建探索

发布时间：2018-01-26 00:09

本文关键词： 调查植物墙植物墙设计 SBE法　出处：《仲恺农业工程学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着国家城市化进程的加快,城市空间绿地面积逐渐减少,环境遭到破坏。而人们也希望追求一种更健康的生活方式。植物墙作为城市立体绿化的一部分,越来越受到人们的关注。本论文以广州市的植物墙案例作为研究对象,通过实地调研,总结出广州市植物墙的发展现状,并根据调查结果对18个植物墙案例进行景观美景度评价,为设计营建探索提供依据。同时,也针对种植槽式植物墙提出了设计营建方案,希望通过实际案例,对种植槽式植物墙的设计营建提出方法和原则。主要研究成果如下:1、调查了广州市18个植物墙案例的现状,总结了植物墙的使用空间、植物种类、栽培基质、栽植技术、灌溉系统、构图形式和后期管理维护等情况。得出植物墙空间分布方面,室内植物墙7例,室外植物墙11例。植物种类共使用共计45种,涉及到23科41属,其中草本植物共计29种,木本植物共计16种。使用最多的草本植物为肾蕨;使用最多的木本植物为鸭脚木。框架结构分为3种,分别是钢丝网框架、钢条结构框架和直接固定式框架。使用最多的为直接固定式框架,共有11例,比例为61.1%。栽植技术共有4种,分别是模块式、布袋式、铺贴式和种植槽式。其中以种植槽式和模块式最为常见,分别有5例和7例,占比分别为27.8%和38.9%。栽培基质可以分为自然基质、人工基质和混合基质等3种。其中,50%的植物墙使用了混合基质,其主要成分为泥炭土、珍珠岩、陶粒和自然土。灌溉系统分为3种,分别是人工灌溉、自动灌溉和混合灌溉。自动灌溉的植物墙有12例,达到了66.7%。植物墙构图形式分为规则式和自然式。采用规则式构图的植物墙有8例,占44.4%,采用自然式构图的植物墙有10例,占55.6%。2、对植物生长与表现进行调研,比较植物株高和冠幅变化,得到不同栽培基质对植物生长效果的大小关系是人工基质混合基质自然基质;相同基质下,对植物生长效果的影响大小关系是室外植物墙室内植物墙。另外,对常用的栽培基质进行物理性质的测定,在容重方面,自然土的容重最高,为1.04g/cm3,而珍珠岩的容重是最小的,为0.1g/cm3。在总孔隙度方面,椰丝的总孔隙度为最高的84.7%,最低的为自然土的42.8%。3、运用景观美景度评价法对18个植物墙案例进行了景观评价,得到SBE值最高的案例是富力天海湾植物墙、高德置地春广场植物墙和广州银行大厦植物墙,并对这些植物墙进行深入分析,得到对植物墙景观设计的建议:(1)丰富植物墙植物种类和色彩;(2)要注重植物的排列方式;(3)增加装饰效果。4、对种植槽式植物墙进行研究,结合调研数据和美景度评价结果,提出种植槽式植物墙的设计营建的方法和原则。最后,将广州华苑园林的植物墙设计营建案例和佛山信保广场植物墙案例进行具体分析,希望为今后植物墙的设计营建提供一整套完整的实施方案。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the national urbanization process, the area of urban green space is gradually reduced, and the environment is destroyed. People also want to pursue a more healthy way of life. Plant walls as a part of urban three-dimensional greening. More and more people pay attention. This paper takes the plant wall case of Guangzhou as the research object, through the field investigation, summarizes the development status of the plant wall in Guangzhou. And according to the results of the investigation of 18 plant wall cases landscape beauty evaluation, for the design and construction of exploration to provide the basis. At the same time, also for planting grooved plant wall design and construction plan, hoping to pass the actual case. The main research results are as follows: 1. The present situation of 18 plant wall cases in Guangzhou is investigated, and the use space and plant species of plant wall are summarized. Cultivation substrate, planting technology, irrigation system, composition form and later management and maintenance, etc., the spatial distribution of plant wall was obtained, 7 cases of indoor plant wall were obtained. There are 45 species of plant species, involving 23 families and 41 genera, of which 29 species are herbaceous plants and 16 species are woody plants. The most commonly used woody plant is Duck-footed wood. The frame structure is divided into three types: wire mesh frame, steel bar frame and direct fixed frame. The proportion is 61.1. There are 4 kinds of planting techniques, which are modular type, cloth bag type, paving type and planting slot type. Among them, planting trough type and modular type are the most common, there are 5 cases and 7 cases respectively. The proportion of cultivated substrates were 27.8% and 38.9, respectively. The cultivated substrates could be divided into natural substrates, artificial substrates and mixed substrates, among which 50% of the plant walls used mixed substrates. The main components are peat, perlite, ceramsite and natural soil. The irrigation system is divided into three types: artificial irrigation, automatic irrigation and mixed irrigation. The composition of plant wall can be divided into regular type and natural type. There are 8 cases of plant wall with regular composition, accounting for 44.4 cases, and 10 cases of plant wall with natural composition. The plant growth and performance were investigated, and the changes of plant height and crown width were compared, and the relationship between the effects of different cultivated substrates on plant growth was found to be the mixed natural substrates of artificial substrates. Under the same substrate, the effect on plant growth is the outdoor plant wall indoor plant wall. In addition, the physical properties of the commonly used cultivation substrate, in terms of bulk density, natural soil bulk density is the highest. The volume density of perlite is the smallest, 0.1 g / cm ~ 3. In total porosity, the highest total porosity of coconut is 84.7%. The lowest is the natural soil 42.8. 3, using the landscape beauty evaluation method to evaluate the landscape of 18 plant wall cases, the highest SBE value of the case is the Fulitian Bay plant wall. The plant wall of Gaudi Spring Square and the plant wall of Guangzhou Bank Building are analyzed in depth, and the suggestions on landscape design of plant wall are obtained, which enrich the plant species and color of plant wall. 2) attention should be paid to the arrangement of plants; (3) add decorative effect. 4. Study the planting trough plant wall, combine the investigation data and the beauty evaluation result, put forward the design and construction method and principle of planting trough plant wall. Finally. The case of plant wall design and construction of Huayuan garden in Guangzhou and the plant wall case of Foshan Xinbao Square are analyzed in order to provide a complete set of implementation plan for the design and construction of plant wall in the future.
【学位授予单位】：仲恺农业工程学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S688;TU985.12

【参考文献】