探索传统人类聚居的生态智慧——以世界文化遗产区都江堰灌区为例

发布时间：2018-01-31 01:53

本文关键词： 世界文化遗产区人类聚居生态智慧协同进化都江堰灌区　出处：《国际城市规划》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以世界文化遗产区的都江堰灌区为研究对象,采用历史比较法,研究人类聚居生态智慧的演变规律。研究表明,都江堰灌区不同发展阶段的人—水关系体现了人与自然的关系模式,对人类聚居起到关键的作用;在都江堰水利工程建设前、建设时期、发展时期及近现代时期四个阶段,"天府之国"的人与自然关系模式显示出顺从自然、尊重自然、改造自然、征服自然的四次转变;从道生万物的整体观、道法自然的实践观、兼利天下的社会观、以道驭术的伦理观、自发秩序的善治思想等五个方面,揭示了"天府之国"社会和自然系统和谐共存的深层生态智慧。上述生态智慧对当代城乡可持续发展与规划实践的若干启示为:自然与社会系统的协同关系将有助于促进人类聚居的可持续性;自然引导下的人类聚居实践能够支撑生命支持系统;应通过规划实践维持或重构健康的自然过程;融合环境管理单元和规划发展单元,形成聚居模块单元,有助于形成基于模块单元的富有活力的健康自治管理模式;在城市规划领域引入环境伦理观,可以指导规划价值选择与规划制度革新;可持续的人居环境模式应该是社会与自然系统相互协作、理性包容、适度冗余、有序增长的协同进化模式。
[Abstract]:Taking Dujiangyan Irrigation area of the World Cultural Heritage area as the research object, using the method of historical comparison, this paper studies the evolution law of the ecological wisdom of human settlement. The human-water relationship in different development stages of Dujiangyan Irrigation area embodies the relationship model between man and nature and plays a key role in human settlement. Before the construction of Dujiangyan water conservancy project, during the construction period, the development period and the modern period, the relationship between man and nature of "land of abundance" showed obedience to nature, respect for nature and reform of nature. The four transformations of conquering nature; There are five aspects: the holistic view of all things born by Taoism, the practical view of Taoist nature, the social view of benefiting the world, the ethical view of controlling art by Tao, and the thought of good governance of spontaneous order. This paper reveals the deep ecological wisdom of the harmonious coexistence of society and natural system in the "land of abundance". The enlightenment of the above ecological wisdom to the sustainable development and planning practice of contemporary urban and rural areas is as follows:. Synergies between natural and social systems will contribute to the sustainability of human settlements; The practice of human settlement under the guidance of nature can support life support system; The natural process of maintaining or reconstructing health should be maintained or reconstructed through planning practice; The integration of the environmental management unit and the planning and development unit to form a residential module, which contributes to the formation of a dynamic and autonomous health management model based on the module unit; The introduction of environmental ethics in the field of urban planning can guide the choice of planning value and the innovation of planning system. The sustainable human settlement environment model should be a cooperative evolution model in which society and natural system cooperate with each other, rational tolerance, moderate redundancy and orderly growth.
【作者单位】：同济大学建筑与城市规划学院高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室;同济大学建筑与城市规划学院生态智慧与生态实践研究中心;美国北卡罗莱纳大学夏洛特分校;清华大学建筑学院;华南理工大学亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0505705) 国家自然科学基金面上项目(51278504) 教育部人文社科基金(15YJCZH215) 亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室开放课题(2017ZB03)共同资助
【分类号】：B82-058;TU984.2
【正文快照】： 水、航运、水产品、生态保护、旅游观光等综合服务功能[21-24]。引言根据不同时期的人—水关系特征,可以将都江堰灌区的人类世界进入快速城市化阶段,全球超过50%的人口居住在聚居环境历史划分为四个阶段:都江堰水利系统建设前(公城市区域,“都市化已经成为主导的人类聚落模式

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