基于海绵城市理论的小城镇雨洪灾害安全评价

发布时间：2018-02-10 10:40

本文关键词： 海绵城市小城镇雨洪灾害安全评价优化策略　出处：《东北林业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当前世界各国城市的雨洪灾害的发生频次增多、波及范围广、灾害损失愈发严重。随着现今社会经济的发展,及人们需求的改变,人们面对灾害已经不仅仅局限于消极应对,如何利用生态措施及手段对城镇的雨洪灾害进行合理的控制、提高城镇对雨洪的适应性,减轻雨洪灾害对城镇及人的生命财产造成的巨大损失已经成为现今的热点。课题以城镇雨洪灾害安全评价为主线,以灾害风险分析为依据,整合传统的雨洪灾害安全规划模式,从海绵城市的生态建设措施与灾害学及城镇的防灾减灾融合的视角探讨城镇雨洪灾害的安全评价及优化策略研究。初步构建起城镇雨洪灾害安全评价体系,运用主成分的定量方法进行分析,寻找对小城镇雨洪灾害影响最大的风险因子,提出针对性的策略,为综合性的解决城镇雨洪灾害问题、使城市在防灾减灾的同时更能够保障城镇的生态可持续发展,并提供一种科学的理论支撑与方法平台。论文首先论述了基于海绵城市理论的城镇雨洪灾害安全评价的基础研究。包括海绵城市理论、小城镇的概念界定以及雨洪灾害风险的相关理论,提出小城镇雨洪灾害安全评价的构成体系,为后续的研究工作做好基础理论的铺垫。论文采用风险分析、主成分分析等科学方法,推进基于海绵城市的小城镇雨洪灾害安全评价的深入研究,通过对小城镇雨洪灾害的形成原因的分析基础上进行小城镇的雨洪灾害风险分析,梳理小城镇雨洪灾害的风险因素,分析小城镇雨洪灾害的致灾因子、承灾体易损性、孕灾环境敏感性。在此基础上,结合海绵城市建设控制指标,拟定小城镇雨洪灾害安全评价指标体系,运用定量的技术手段进行分析,得出对小城镇雨洪灾害安全评价影响最重要的主成分影响因子,针对分析得出的对雨洪灾害影响最大的主成分指标所反映的风险因子进行优化,指导小城镇的安全规划,并整合以往的城镇雨洪灾害安全规划及海绵城市规划的生态手段,从多方面提出科学的、综合的小城镇雨洪灾害安全优化,最后,通过运用实际案例对小城镇雨洪灾害安全评价体系进行分析验证,提出针对性的城镇雨洪灾害安全规划优化对策,以此推动城镇雨洪灾害的安全规划,丰富其研究内容,降低小城镇雨洪灾害的风险及灾害带来的损失和影响。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and economy and the change of people's needs, people are facing disasters not only in negative ways, but also in negative ways. How to make use of ecological measures and means to reasonably control the rain flood disaster in cities and towns, and to improve the adaptability of cities and towns to rain floods, It has become a hot spot to reduce the huge loss of life and property caused by rain flood disaster in cities and towns. The main line of the subject is the safety evaluation of urban rain flood disaster and the integration of traditional safety planning mode of rain flood disaster based on disaster risk analysis. From the perspective of ecological construction measures of sponge city and disaster prevention and mitigation in cities and towns, this paper discusses the safety evaluation and optimization strategy of urban rain flood disaster, and preliminarily constructs the safety evaluation system of urban rain flood disaster. By using the quantitative method of principal component to find the risk factors that have the greatest influence on the rain flood disaster in small towns, the paper puts forward some targeted strategies to solve the problem of urban rain flood disaster synthetically. To ensure the ecological sustainable development of cities and towns while preventing and reducing disasters, And provides a scientific theoretical support and method platform. Firstly, the paper discusses the basic research of urban rain flood safety evaluation based on sponge city theory, including sponge city theory, The definition of the concept of small town and the related theory of rain flood disaster risk, the constitution system of rain flood disaster safety evaluation of small town is put forward, which lays the foundation for the following research work. The principal component analysis and other scientific methods are used to promote the deep research on the safety evaluation of rain flood disasters in small towns based on sponge cities. Based on the analysis of the causes of rain and flood disasters in small towns, the risk analysis of rain flood disasters in small towns is carried out. Combing the risk factors of rain flood disasters in small towns, analyzing the disaster factors of rain flood disasters in small towns, the vulnerability of disaster bearing bodies and the sensitivity of disaster preparedness environment. On this basis, combined with the construction control index of sponge cities, the risk factors of rainflood disasters in small towns are analyzed. Draw up the evaluation index system of rain flood disaster safety in small town, use quantitative technical means to carry on the analysis, get the most important principal component influence factor to the small town rain flood disaster safety evaluation, In view of the risk factors reflected by the principal component index, which has the greatest impact on rain and flood disasters, the risk factors are optimized to guide the safety planning of small towns, and to integrate the ecological means of the former urban safety planning of rain and flood disasters and the planning of sponge cities. This paper puts forward the scientific and comprehensive safety optimization of rainwater disaster in small towns from many aspects. Finally, the paper analyzes and verifies the safety evaluation system of rainflood disasters in small towns by using practical cases. In order to promote the safety planning of urban rain-flood disasters, to enrich the research contents, and to reduce the risk of rain-flood disasters and the loss and impact of disasters in small towns, the paper puts forward some countermeasures to optimize the safety planning of urban rain-flood disasters.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU992;TU998.4

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