基于CFD风环境模拟长春市居住小区布局优化研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 15:31

本文选题：居住小区　切入点：CFD　出处：《吉林建筑大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城镇化的发展和科学技术的进步,人们对居住小区的居住环境日益提升要求,建筑体型多变、布局复杂、并伴随着居住小区兴建规模的增加,优劣的室外风环境也因此被居住小区的居民越来越重要的看作评价小区的指标。影响小区室外风环境的因素有很多,比如小区的景观特色特点、地貌地形的间接影响、风向角的定位、建筑尺寸的设置、建筑布局的设计、道路布置的方法、建筑间距等各种各样的因素影响。与此同时,建筑室外的温度高低、建筑对于能量的消耗、建筑室内自然的优良通风环境,还有其它的等方面,建筑的室外风环境也会对此造成一定的重要的影响。长春市作为严寒地区的典型代表,本论文以之为例,主要讨论通过改变建筑布局形式对居住小区室外风环境产生的不同的作用。论文旨在提高居住区居民的户外环境,打造一个优越的户外空间,确保绿色、顺畅、适宜的室外活动空间。随着人们生活质量的提升,打造一个理想的室外活动空间,这里主要研究室外风环境,也逐渐成为人们选择小区的一个重要因素,也是最近几年的研究热点。本文首先对小区内的室外有关影响因素并结合小区建筑的布局特点,对风、热、光等影响因子以及与之有关的一些因素做了相关分析。关于风环境,本文通过查阅相关资料,认识了它的基本理论,并研究了与风环境有关的建筑的间距设置、建筑的独特的单体设计以及建筑组合方式对风环境的影响等。研究解析了建筑物在风环绕时,表现出的风的流动特定,在大量研究和归纳总结前人研究成果的前提下,明确阐述了对于小区建筑内的风环境,它关于在室外人行高度处的标准做了详尽的阐述,为论文的进一步研究奠定基础。其次文章根据长春市的气候特点,确定了长春市年主风向与风速,分别对不同围合形态的相邻建筑和不同布局模式的建筑组团风环境进行了数值模拟分析和对比,得出了变量因子与风环境之间的相互性关系,并以《绿色建筑评价标准》中的风速与风压的要求做为评估指标,并归纳出布局模式下的风环境优劣。最后,论文选取长春市年主风向东北风做为模拟风向,模拟了长春市内某居住小区的风环境情况,并通过分析其风环境的特点提出两次优化布局的方案,使小区内部的风环境得到完整的改善,从居住小区的宏观、中观、微观以及道路与景观等角度来说明本文的观点和研究方向。对室外风环境的研究,使室外风环境得以优化,从而提高居住小区的室外舒适性,同时可以使建筑达到节能减排的目的,并使建筑充分利用自然风,降低建筑能耗。本论文通过一系列的相关图示和分析采集数据,在事实分析和数据统计的基础上,为提高长春严寒地区的室外风环境影响下的小区环境,提供可参考的定量或者定性的一系列依据。除此之外,在居住小区规划阶段进行前期的风环境分析,再根据这些研究依据,结合居住小区室可实施性的规划方案,进行实例操作,使提高室外风环境,达到“可视化”、“数据化”,并与之前室外风环境进行对比,之后再次优化。利用先模拟,再分析,之后对比的研究方法,从数据化的角度来分析问题,解决问题,最终提出一些优化长春市居住小区风环境的优化策略。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization and the progress of science and technology, people living on the residential environment increasing requirements, building size and layout of the complex, and accompanied by the residential construction scale increases, the outdoor wind environment of the residential area residents have been more and more important as the evaluation index. There are many factors of District effect of outdoor wind environment, such as residential landscape characteristics, indirect effects of terrain, wind direction positioning, building size setting, design the layout of the building, road layout method, the influence factors of building space of all kinds. At the same time, the temperature of the outside of the building, the building energy consumption, excellent indoor natural ventilation environment, and other aspects of the outdoor wind environment building will have some important effects. Changchun as in cold area The typical representative of this paper as an example, mainly discussed by changing the form of the building layout of the outdoor wind environment of residential areas have different effects. The paper aims at improving the residential district outdoor environment, to create a superior outdoor space, to ensure that the green, smooth, suitable for outdoor activities space. With the quality of life of people the upgrade, to create an ideal outdoor space, this paper studies the outdoor wind environment, has gradually become an important factor for people to choose the District, in recent years is a hot research topic. Firstly, the area of outdoor related factors and combining with the characteristics of residential building layout, wind, heat, do analysis of related factors such as light and some related factors on the wind environment. In this paper, through access to relevant information, understanding of its basic theory, and studied with the wind environment of building related The spacing, the unique building monomer design and architecture combination effects on wind environment. Research on analysis of buildings in the wind around, show the wind flow in a large number of specific research and summary, summarizing the results of previous studies, a clear explanation of the wind environment for residential buildings, the detailed description about it in the height of outdoor pedestrian standard, lay the foundation for the further research. Secondly, according to the climate characteristics of Changchun City, the Changchun city in the main wind direction and wind speed, respectively on the adjacent buildings with different enclosing form and different layout mode of building group environment was simulated and analyzed, and the contrast, mutual relationship between variable factor and wind environment and wind speed, "green building evaluation standard of > and pressure requirements as the evaluation index, and summed up the layout mode Under the wind environment. Finally, this paper selects Changchun in northeast wind as the main wind direction simulation, simulation of the Changchun city residential wind environment, and puts forward two layout optimization scheme based on the analysis of characteristics of the wind environment, wind environment within the district to complete the improvement from the middle residential area, micro and macro, road and landscape perspective to explain ideas and research direction of this thesis. Research on outdoor wind environment, the outdoor wind environment can be optimized, so as to improve the comfort of residential outdoor, also can make the building to achieve the purpose of energy saving, and make full use of natural wind construction, reduce the energy consumption of the building. This thesis through a series of graphic data collection and analysis, based on the statistical analysis on the data and facts, in order to improve the effect of outdoor wind environment Changchun cold area under the residential environment And provide a series of reference of quantitative or qualitative analysis. In addition, the wind environment of residential area in the planning stage, according to the research basis, combined with the residential area planning implementation plan, for example, to improve the outdoor wind environment, to achieve "visualization", "data" and before the outdoor wind environment compared again after optimization. By simulation analysis, first, comparative research methods, data from the point of view to analyze the problem, solve the problem, finally put forward the optimization strategy of wind environment in residential quarter some optimization in Changchun city.

【学位授予单位】：吉林建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU119;TU984.12

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