零能耗住宅外围护结构节能技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 02:00

本文选题：零能耗住宅　切入点：外围护结构　出处：《西安科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的快速发展,建筑业能耗巨大的问题引起了广泛忧虑,零能耗住宅是一种对不可再生能源的消耗为零,可以最大限度的利用可再生能源的住宅建筑,它极大地降低了建筑能耗,对于我国建筑节能事业的发展具有重大的理论意义和实际工程应用价值。本文以夏热冬冷地区零能耗住宅为研究对象,通过对其进行系统的分析,确定研究的重点是外围护结构节能技术,并对零能耗建筑定义中的度量时间、能量类型、平衡类型等要素做了明确的规定。为了了解在既有零能耗住宅中外围护结构的热工性能,对南京锋尚国际公寓进行了实地调研,将其外墙、外窗、屋面的构造做法和热工性能与零能耗住宅典型的外围护结构构件进行对比,并通过能耗分析得到南京锋尚国际公寓只能够在制冷方面达到零能耗标准,而在为了满足舒适度要求进行的采暖方面达不到零能耗建筑的标准,并提出了三点节能改进建议:(1)增加外墙保温层厚度,降低外墙传热系数;(2)改变外窗类型,选择传热系数较低、气密性较好的外窗并控制各朝向的窗墙比;(3)增加屋面保温层厚度,降低屋面传热系数。为了进一步研究适合夏热冬冷地区零能耗住宅的外围护结构类型,建立研究用基础模型,对影响基础模型的内因进行分析,确立了零能耗住宅设计中外墙、屋面的传热系数限值、合适的外窗类型以及建筑各朝向最佳窗墙比,并针对南京锋尚国际提出了优化方案。利用DeST-h模拟软件对优化后的方案进行能耗分析,与原有方案进行对比,得出优化后的南京锋尚国际公寓能够达到零能耗住宅的标准。选取典型的夏热冬冷地区城市,对该优化方案在不同城市的适用性进行分析,得出以南京为案例确定的零能耗住宅外围护结构指导设计原则同样适用于夏热冬冷地区的其他城市。综上所述,夏热冬冷地区零能耗住宅外围护结构指导设计原则,可以对该地区零能耗住宅的节能设计提供参考,并促进零能耗住宅在我国的发展。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy, the huge energy consumption of construction industry has caused widespread concern, zero energy consumption of residential buildings is a kind of non-renewable energy consumption of zero, can maximize the use of renewable energy residential buildings, It greatly reduces the building energy consumption, and has great theoretical significance and practical engineering application value for the development of building energy conservation in our country. This paper takes zero energy consumption residence in hot summer and cold winter area as the research object, through the systematic analysis to it. The emphasis of the research is on the energy saving technology of the outer enclosure structure, and the measurement time and energy type in the definition of zero energy consumption building. In order to understand the thermal performance of the domestic and foreign enclosure structure in the existing zero energy consumption residential building, a field investigation was carried out on the Nanjing Fengshan International Apartments, and the exterior walls and windows were taken. The structure and thermal performance of the roof are compared with the typical outer envelope structure of the zero energy consumption residence. Through the energy consumption analysis, it is concluded that the Nanjing Fengshan International apartment can only meet the zero energy consumption standard in the aspect of refrigeration. However, in order to meet the requirements of comfort, the heating requirements are not up to the standard of zero energy consumption buildings, and three suggestions for improving energy saving are put forward: 1) increase the thickness of the insulation layer of the external wall, reduce the heat transfer coefficient of the external wall and change the type of the outer window. Select the outer window with lower heat transfer coefficient and better air tightness and control the window wall with each orientation to increase the thickness of the insulation layer of the roof and reduce the heat transfer coefficient of the roof. In order to further study the type of the outer enclosure structure suitable for the zero energy consumption housing in the hot summer and cold winter area, Based on the analysis of the internal factors affecting the foundation model, the limit value of the outer wall, the heat transfer coefficient of the roof, the appropriate type of outer window and the optimum window / wall ratio of the building are established in the design of zero energy consumption residence. According to Nanjing Fengshan International, the optimization scheme is put forward. The energy consumption of the optimized scheme is analyzed by using DeST-h simulation software, and compared with the original scheme. It is concluded that the optimized Nanjing Fengshan International apartment can reach the standard of zero energy consumption residence. The applicability of the optimization scheme in different cities is analyzed by selecting typical cities in hot summer and cold winter area. It is concluded that the guiding design principle of the outer envelope structure of zero energy consumption housing is also applicable to other cities in the hot summer and cold winter area, and the guiding design principle of the outer envelope structure of the zero energy consumption housing in the hot summer and cold winter area is summarized. It can provide reference for energy saving design of zero energy consumption residence in this area and promote the development of zero energy consumption residence in our country.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU241.91;TU111.4

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