建筑立面风驱雨气动效应的数值模拟研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 03:34

本文选题：建筑风驱雨　切入点：欧拉多相流模型　出处：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：风驱雨(Wind-Driven Rain,简称WDR)是雨滴在垂直坠落的过程受风力驱动获得水平速度分量从而出现斜向飘落的现象。WDR是建筑外立面最主要的水分来源,直接影响建筑外墙材料耐久性与建筑温湿性能,易引发诸多常见工程问题,如墙面渗水、壁面泛盐、霜冻、风化以及径流污染等,甚至危及结构安全,因此掌握WDR分布特性是深入上述工程问题研究的重要基础。近年来,作为建筑立面WDR分布重要影响因素的气动效应已逐渐成为研究重点,其主要包括单体建筑的风阻效应和群体建筑的气动干扰效应,有针对性地开展有关研究工作,对于科学指导WDR相关领域的研究与设计,有效降低建筑WDR灾害具有重要的理论与应用意义。本文采用基于欧拉多相流模型的CFD数值模拟方法开展WDR气动效应的模拟分析与研究。首先,模拟已有建筑WDR实测场,通过对比分析模拟结果与实测数据,验证CFD数值方法对于单体建筑与具有强烈气动干扰效应的群体建筑WDR场模拟的有效性。其次,针对多(高)层平屋面单体建筑,模拟建筑立面高度与宽度变化时的WDR场,重点分析建筑立面WDR分布特性及立面前区流场的变化特点,获取立面尺寸变化时风阻效应对建筑迎风立面WDR分布影响的规律,并比较ISO半经验模型的预测结果,表明该模型缺乏考虑尺度变化下风阻效应对WDR分布的影响,也未能反映风阻效应引起的迎风立面WDR横向分布变化的特点,因此该模型需要引入尺度性的区域墙因子,从而提高预测精度。最后,针对两建筑串列布局方式,考虑施扰建筑高度及建筑间距变化,模拟不同工况下受扰建筑迎风立面WDR分布,通过与单体布局情况进行比较,重点分析受扰建筑迎面风WDR分布特点及局部区域WDR变化规律,获取该布局变化时气动干扰对受扰建筑迎风立面WDR分布的影响特性,并提出以干扰因子量化反映干扰效应,为完善ISO模型能有效反映组合布局气动干扰对迎风立面WDR分布影响提供参考。本文研究成果可为深入气动效应对建筑立面WDR分布影响研究提供参考依据,并为实际工程的设计应用提供指导。
[Abstract]:The wind-driven rain (Wind-Driven Rain, referred to as WDR) is obtained by the rain wind driven horizontal velocity component and oblique falling phenomenon of.WDR is the main water source of the facade of the building in the process of vertical fall, directly affect the exterior durability of material and construction temperature and humidity can easily lead to many common engineering problems, such as the wall of water seepage, wall salt pan, frost weathering and runoff pollution, even endanger the safety of the structure, thus grasp the WDR distribution characteristics is an important basis for in-depth study of the project. In recent years, as the building elevation of WDR distribution important factors influencing the aerodynamic effect has gradually become the focus of research, which mainly includes the drag effect and group building monomer building the aerodynamic interference effect, targeted to carry out relevant research work, the research and design of WDR for scientific guidance in related fields, effectively reduce the building disaster with WDR There are important theoretical and practical significance. This paper uses the CFD simulation analysis and research based on numerical Eulerian multiphase flow model simulation method to carry out WDR aerodynamic effects. First, the simulation of existing building WDR field measurement, analysis of simulation results and the measured data by comparison, verify the CFD numerical method for single buildings and has a strong aerodynamic the interference effect of group building WDR field simulation effectiveness. Secondly, aiming at the multi layer flat roof (high) single building, WDR field building elevation height and width change, focusing on building facade WDR distribution characteristics of flow field characteristics and elevation before obtaining the size change of wind resistance effect on the facade of building wind the influence of the elevation of WDR distribution, the prediction results and compare the ISO semi empirical model, show that the model is lack of consideration of scale change under the influence of wind drag effect on the distribution of WDR, also failed to reflect the effect of wind resistance The changing characteristics of the transverse distribution of the windward facade WDR, regional wall factor so the model requires the introduction of the scale, so as to improve the prediction accuracy. Finally, according to the two building tandem layout, considering the interfering building height and building space changes, simulation of the interfered building facade wind WDR distribution under different working conditions, compared with the monomer the layout of the situation, focus on the analysis of the disturbed building head-on wind WDR distribution characteristics and regional variation of WDR, obtain the distribution changes of aerodynamic interference on the windward facade of the interfered building WDR distribution characteristics, and put forward to the interference factor reflect the interference effect, to improve the ISO model can effectively reflect the layout of the combination of aerodynamic interference and provide reference the effect of wind elevation WDR distribution. The research results of this paper can be used for further study on the aerodynamic effect of WDR distribution on the building facade to provide reference, and for practical engineering. The application provides guidance.

【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU238.1

【参考文献】