用于智能访客管理的门禁系统研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 13:06

本文选题：访客门禁系统　切入点：SX1278无线模块　出处：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着科学技术和经济的发展,人们的活动范围不仅扩大了,而且人与人之间的往来也越来越密切。同时,大型企业、高校、政府等之间的访问活动越来越频繁。但是有些单位内部有一些机要部门或者是重点保护区域不允许访客随便进入,随之而来的访客管理问题成为企业管理中的又一个难题。因此,为了限制访客的活动范围,保护人们的财产与生命安全,应用于访客管理的门禁系统也应运而生。本课题分析了国内外门禁系统的发展历史与现状,针对世界人民之间的交流日益频繁化、多样化,提出了一种用于智能访客管理的门禁系统。这个是在大型企业、政府等在实行的。访客人员首先需要在门口登记访客人员的个人信息、被访人员等,然后管理员发给访客一张已经登记好的RFID射频卡,根据访客登记的信息,持卡人只能通过登记的指定楼栋的门禁,该卡对其他楼栋的门禁不起作用。此外,由于访客人员只能分发一张卡,如果访客人员临时起意想去拜访其他非登记楼栋的人员,需要重新到门口登记,这样不仅浪费时间,而且也不利于企业形象。因此,系统通过添加一个GSM模块实现被访问人员/管理员通过手机主动开启门禁的功能。这样一来,就可以实现门禁卡与手机远程控制双重开启门禁的功能。本论文首先对用于智能访客管理的门禁系统所用到的理论基础知识进行介绍,选用低功耗广域物联网(Low Power Wide Aera Network,LPWAN)范畴的LoRa技术组建无线射频网络,LoRa技术具有超低功耗、超远距离传输的特点,满足本系统对功耗、距离的要求。整个系统由数据中心服务器、接入点AP以及访客门禁终端三部分组成,在确定了系统的整体结构之后,又给出了设计的系统硬件架构。硬件架构由两部分组成,包括AP和访客门禁终端,AP是服务器与访客门禁终端通信的桥梁,服务器下发给门禁终端的命令以及门禁终端反馈给服务器的信息、请求命令等的实现都需要经过AP的转发。鉴于系统使用LoRa无线射频技术组建广域物联网络,在此提出了适用于该网络的组网策略。接着根据智能访客门禁终端要实现的功能,设计了适合该终端的硬件电路,并且按照模块化的设计思路设计了硬件电路各个模块的软件驱动程序。软硬件设计完成之后接下来就是对系统的调试,系统软件调试之前需要对硬件进行测试。在软件调试的过程中分析程序的运行结果,测试系统设计的硬件功能是否已经实现。对于调试过程中出现的问题,找出原因并逐步解决问题,之后对程序进行优化,最终实现了用于智能访客管理的门禁系统。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology and economy, the scope of people's activities has not only expanded, but also the contacts between people are getting closer and closer. At the same time, large enterprises, colleges and universities, Visits between governments and others are becoming more and more frequent. However, some units have some confidential departments or key protected areas that do not allow visitors to enter casually. Therefore, in order to limit the scope of visitors' activities and protect people's property and life safety, The access control system used in visitor management also came into being. This paper analyzes the development history and current situation of the access control system at home and abroad, aiming at the increasing frequency and diversification of communication among the people of the world. This paper proposes an access control system for intelligent visitor management. This is implemented in large enterprises, the government, and so on. Visitors first need to register the personal information of visitors at the door, the persons interviewed, and so on. Then the administrator sends the visitor a registered RFID radio frequency card. According to the information registered by the visitor, the cardholder can only pass the entrance control of the designated building registered, and the card does not work for the other buildings. In addition, Since visitors can only distribute one card, if visitors temporarily wish to visit other non-registered building staff, they need to re-register at the door, which is not only a waste of time, but also detrimental to the image of the company. By adding a GSM module, the system realizes the access control function of the person / administrator who is interviewed through the mobile phone. This paper first introduces the basic knowledge of the access control system used in intelligent visitor management. Using the low Power Wide Aera Network of things (LPWAN) LoRa technology to set up the radio frequency network has the characteristics of ultra-low power consumption and ultra-long distance transmission, which meets the requirements of the system for power consumption and distance. The whole system is composed of a data center server, the whole system is composed of a data center server, a data center server, a data center server, a data center server, a data center server, and a data center server. The access point AP and the visitor access terminal are composed of three parts. After determining the overall structure of the system, the hardware architecture of the system is given. The hardware architecture is composed of two parts. Including AP and visitor access terminal AP is the communication bridge between the server and the visitor access terminal, and the commands issued by the server to the access terminal and the information feedback from the access terminal to the server. Since the system uses LoRa wireless radio frequency technology to set up wide area WLAN, this paper puts forward a networking strategy suitable for this network. Then, according to the function of intelligent visitor access terminal, the realization of request command needs to be transmitted through AP. The hardware circuit suitable for the terminal is designed, and the software driver of each module of the hardware circuit is designed according to the modular design idea. After the hardware and software design is completed, the system is then debugged. Before the system software debugging, we need to test the hardware. In the process of software debugging, we analyze the running results of the program, test whether the hardware function of the system design has been realized. Find out the reason and solve the problem step by step, then optimize the program, and finally realize the access control system for intelligent visitor management.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU855;TU89

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