开洞与否对土坯墙体破坏模式及抗侧刚度影响分析

发布时间：2018-03-25 01:12

本文选题：生土结构　切入点：土坯墙体　出处：《长安大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：生土结构建筑抗震能力较弱,在历次地震中破坏严重,损失巨大。随着我国经济的迅速发展和小康社会的逐步落成,村镇居民对房屋的居住环境和舒适度的要求越来越高,传统生土结构建筑不开设正常尺寸的窗洞口或仅设置小尺寸通风口,采光较差,影响居民的正常使用要求。为了解决生土结构建筑采光较差的问题,以课题组提出马牙槎连接的构造措施和后浇混凝土构造柱土坯墙体为基础,在土坯墙体中开设能够满足正常采光要求的窗洞口,对开窗洞口土坯墙体进行抗震性能试验研究,使这一绿色环保结构能够达到当代对于室内采光、通风等居住环境的要求,且承载能力又不致大幅削弱。本文通过对缩尺比例为1:2的开窗洞口与不开窗洞口混凝土构造柱土坯墙体的低周往复加载试验,研究开洞与否对土坯墙体破坏模式和弹性抗侧刚度的影响。对墙体材料进行力学性能试验,得到墙体材料的力学指标;通过对比开窗洞口和不开窗洞口土坯墙体的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化曲线和变形曲线,分析两面墙体的承载能力、刚度、耗能、延性和变形性能;总结开窗洞口土坯墙体弹性抗侧刚度的影响因素,采用分墙段的刚度计算模型,提出开窗洞口土坯墙体弹性抗侧刚度的简化计算公式,通过公式计算得到两面墙体的弹性抗侧刚度计算值,并与试验值对比。针对计算值和试验值之间的误差,采用刚度修正系数对不开洞土坯墙体和开窗洞口土坯墙体的弹性抗侧刚度计算公式加以修正。研究结果表明,窗洞口削弱了土坯墙体的水平承载力和刚度,但改善了土坯墙体的延性和变形性能;大马牙槎可以保证土坯墙体和混凝土构造柱良好的连接并协同工作;土坯墙体开窗洞口的同时应该采取其他加强措施对开窗洞口墙体的承载力予以提高,如设置钢窗框、在洞口两侧设置混凝土构造柱等。本文对比试验的研究结果可为开窗洞口土坯墙体的抗震设计提供依据,本文提出的弹性抗侧刚度简化计算公式有一定的工程意义,可为生土结构墙体的理论计算提供参考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and the gradual completion of well-off society in our country, the residents of villages and towns have higher and higher demands on the living environment and comfort of houses. In order to solve the problem of poor lighting of raw soil structure buildings, traditional raw soil structure buildings do not open windows with normal size or only set small size vents, and the lighting is poor, which affects the normal use requirements of residents. Based on the construction measures of Ma Ya Cha connection and the post-cast concrete structure column adobe wall proposed by the research group, a window hole can meet the normal daylighting requirement is set up in the adobe wall, and the seismic behavior of the open hole adobe wall is studied. So that this green environmental protection structure can meet the contemporary requirements for indoor lighting, ventilation and other living environment requirements, And the bearing capacity will not be greatly weakened. In this paper, the low cycle reciprocating loading test of concrete structural column adobe wall with the scale of 1:2 is carried out. The influence of opening or not on the failure mode and elastic lateral stiffness of adobe wall is studied. The mechanical properties of wall material are tested and the mechanical index of wall material is obtained. Skeleton curve, stiffness degradation curve and deformation curve, the bearing capacity, stiffness, energy dissipation, ductility and deformation performance of the two walls are analyzed, and the factors influencing the elastic lateral stiffness of the open hole adobe wall are summarized. In this paper, a simplified formula for calculating the elastic lateral stiffness of adobe wall with window opening is put forward by using the stiffness calculation model of split wall segment. The calculation value of elastic lateral stiffness of two walls is obtained by the formula calculation. In view of the error between the calculated value and the test value, the stiffness correction coefficient is used to modify the formula for calculating the elastic lateral stiffness of the adobe wall with no hole and the wall with hole opening. The results show that, The window hole weakens the horizontal bearing capacity and stiffness of the adobe wall, but improves the ductility and deformation performance of the adobe wall. At the same time, other measures should be taken to enhance the bearing capacity of the wall, such as steel window frame. Concrete structural columns are arranged on both sides of the hole. The results of the comparative test in this paper can provide the basis for seismic design of the wall of the hole with windows. The simplified formula of elastic lateral stiffness proposed in this paper has certain engineering significance. It can provide a reference for the theoretical calculation of the wall of raw soil structure.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU361;TU352.11

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