地铁隧道开挖对地面既有高层建筑物影响的研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 00:27

本文选题：地铁隧道　切入点：高层建筑　出处：《湖北工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市的发展推动了地下铁路工程的增多,地铁的建造能有效的缓解地上交通压力,但同时也造成了一系列的问题,地铁隧道的开挖会不可避免的造成地表移动和变形,对已有的地上建筑物和地下管道线路产生一定的影响,对高层建筑物的影响更明显。因此研究地铁隧道开挖造成的地表移动和变形对高层建筑物的影响,提出相应的防护措施,对于保证建筑物的安全性具有重要意义。研究地铁隧道开挖对高层建筑的影响的方法众多,由于解析解的难以实现,数值计算成为计算隧道开挖造成的地表移动和变形的主要方法,有限单元法由于它的通用性和简易性而被广泛使用。本文首先介绍了地铁隧道开挖产生的地表变形机理、地表沉降的预测方法及对周围建筑物产生的影响效应,为研究隧道开挖提供了理论基础;同时研究了有限元法的基本原理及运用有限元软件ABAQUS模拟隧道开挖中的关键问题。本文最后以济南地铁开挖工程为实例,通过ABAQUS有限元软件进行计算,研究了地铁隧道在不同埋深、不同距离的情况下产生的地表移动和变形对周围建筑物造成的影响。本文得出以下结论:(1)隧道开挖后,位移主要发生在隧道周围的土体,隧道的顶端由于上部土体和建筑物的重力作用,产生较大的纵向位移;横向土压力使得这个模型向内挤压,隧道底部出现上拱位移,隧道的左、右两侧出现较大的水平位移。在开挖过程中,土压力对于位移和应力的改变起到主要作用。(2)对于不同埋深的隧道开挖进行数值模拟,结果表明由于土层分布的特殊性,随着隧道埋深的增大,建筑物的最大沉降先减小后增大,隧道埋深在18米时,建筑物的沉降值是最小的,因此地铁隧道的最佳埋深是18米;同一埋深情况下,随着节点到建筑物中心轴线的距离的减小,位移逐渐增大,但位移的变化量逐渐减小。(3)对于到建筑物不同距离的隧道开挖的模拟,结果表明随着距离越远,建筑物的纵向位移越小,建筑物的沉降值变化趋势逐渐平缓,当隧道隧道的中心在建筑物的中心轴线上时,建筑物的沉降值最大;在隧道与建筑物的距离大于20m时,此时建筑物的最大沉降值小于20mm。隧道的最佳开挖距离应在建筑物20米之外。
[Abstract]:The development of the city has promoted the increase of the underground railway project. The construction of the subway can effectively relieve the pressure of traffic on the ground, but it also causes a series of problems. The excavation of the subway tunnel will inevitably lead to the surface movement and deformation. This paper studies the influence of ground movement and deformation caused by subway tunnel excavation on high-rise buildings, and puts forward corresponding protective measures. It is of great significance to ensure the safety of buildings. There are many methods to study the influence of subway tunnel excavation on high-rise buildings. Numerical calculation has become the main method to calculate the surface movement and deformation caused by tunnel excavation. The finite element method is widely used because of its generality and simplicity. This paper first introduces the mechanism of surface deformation caused by subway tunnel excavation. The prediction method of surface subsidence and the effect on the surrounding buildings provide a theoretical basis for the study of tunnel excavation. At the same time, the basic principle of finite element method and the key problems in simulating tunnel excavation with finite element software ABAQUS are studied. Finally, taking Jinan subway excavation project as an example, the calculation is carried out by ABAQUS finite element software. In this paper, the influence of surface movement and deformation on the surrounding buildings under different buried depth and distance is studied. The following conclusion is drawn: after excavation, the displacement mainly occurs in the soil around the tunnel. The top of the tunnel produces a large longitudinal displacement due to the gravity action of the upper soil and the building; the transverse earth pressure causes the model to squeeze inward, the bottom of the tunnel appears the displacement of the arch, and the left side of the tunnel. In the excavation process, the earth pressure plays a major role in the change of displacement and stress. With the increase of the buried depth of the tunnel, the maximum settlement of the building decreases first and then increases. When the buried depth of the tunnel is 18 meters, the settlement value of the building is the smallest, so the optimum buried depth of the subway tunnel is 18 meters. With the decrease of the distance from the node to the center axis of the building, the displacement increases gradually, but the variation of displacement decreases gradually. When the center of the tunnel is on the center axis of the building, the settlement value of the building is the largest, and when the distance between the tunnel and the building is more than 20m, The maximum settlement value of the building is less than 20mm. the optimum excavation distance of the tunnel should be 20 meters away from the building.
【学位授予单位】：湖北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U455.43;TU971

【参考文献】