小型液压挖掘机压差液能和势能回收直接利用技术的研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 05:37

本文选题：液压挖掘机　切入点：复合动作　出处：《江苏师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球经济的快速发展,各国对环境保护与节能减排的重视程度也越来越高。液压挖掘机作为土木工程建设的主要工程机械之一,由于其用量大、油耗高、效率低,逐渐成为节能技术研究人士关注的主要对象之一。造成液压挖掘机总效率低下的主要原因之一就是在其正常作业时,液压系统通过节流把大量的液压能转化成热能。这不仅造成了大量的能源浪费,还使得挖掘机必须安装相应的油液冷却设备,冷却设备的能耗进一步增加了挖掘机的油耗,降低了其效率。本课题以福田雷沃公司生产的FR80E小型8吨液压挖掘机为研究对象,主要研究内容如下:1.分析了提高液压挖掘机工作效率的必要性;论述了液压挖掘机液压系统节能技术的发展和研究现状,及其存在的不足之处。2.建立了该液压挖掘机液压系统主要液压元件的数学模型;利用AMESim仿真软件建立了其整机液压系统的仿真模型,并通过仿真还原了其在典型工作循环下各负载的位移、压力和流量变化。分析出各个工况下各负载节流消耗的液压能和产生这些节流的主要原因。3.针对液压挖掘机挖掘和卸载两种效率较低的工况分别提出了液能回收方案,并通过理论分析、验证了这两种回收方案的可行性和影响其回收效率的主要因素。4.综合两种回收方案,设计了无蓄能器液能回收装置的液压系统,建立了其数学模型与仿真模型,并设计了液能回收装置的测控系统。加装无蓄能器液能回收装置的挖掘机液压系统仿真结果表明,安装该液能回收装置后,主泵输出功率减少了31.5%,达到了减少主泵能耗,提高了液压挖掘机的总效率。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of global economy, countries pay more and more attention to environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction.As one of the main construction machinery in civil engineering construction, hydraulic excavator has become one of the main research objects of energy-saving technology because of its large consumption, high oil consumption and low efficiency.One of the main reasons for the low efficiency of hydraulic excavator is that the hydraulic system converts a large amount of hydraulic energy into heat energy through throttling.This not only causes a large amount of energy waste, but also makes the excavator must install the corresponding oil cooling equipment. The energy consumption of the cooling equipment further increases the oil consumption of the excavator and reduces its efficiency.This topic takes the FR80E 8 ton hydraulic excavator produced by Fukuda Revo Company as the research object, the main research contents are as follows: 1.This paper analyzes on the necessity of improving the working efficiency of hydraulic excavator, discusses the development and research status of energy-saving technology of hydraulic system of hydraulic excavator, and its shortcomings.The mathematical model of the main hydraulic components of the hydraulic system of the hydraulic excavator is established, the simulation model of the hydraulic system of the excavator is established by using the AMESim simulation software, and the displacement of each load under the typical working cycle is restored by simulation.Changes in pressure and flow.The hydraulic energy of each load throttling consumption and the main reason of these throttling are analyzed.In view of the low efficiency of excavating and unloading of hydraulic excavator, the liquid energy recovery scheme is put forward, and the feasibility of the two recovery schemes and the main factors affecting the recovery efficiency are verified by theoretical analysis.The hydraulic system of the liquid-energy recovery device without accumulator is designed, its mathematical model and simulation model are established, and the measurement and control system of the liquid-energy recovery device is designed.The simulation results of excavator hydraulic system with no accumulator liquid energy recovery device show that the output power of the main pump is reduced by 31.5% after the installation of the hydraulic energy recovery device, and the energy consumption of the main pump is reduced and the total efficiency of the hydraulic excavator is improved.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU621

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