城市景观格局对城市内涝的影响研究——以深圳市为例

发布时间：2018-04-05 22:23

本文选题：景观格局　切入点：土地利用　出处：《地理学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：近年来,城市内涝问题频发,引发了强烈关注。现有有关城市内涝问题的研究多关注土地利用与城市内涝的关系,而对于城市景观格局对城市内涝影响的研究则不多。本文以内涝问题严重的深圳市为研究区,利用深圳市2014年5月11日暴雨期间内涝点数据(共278个),选取类型水平上的最大斑块面积比例(Largest Patch Index,LPI)、斑块聚集度(Patch Cohesion Index,PCI)、景观破碎度(Landscape Division Index,DIVISION)、景观水平的蔓延度(Contagion Index,CONTAG)、香农多样性指数(Shannon's Diversity Index,SHDI)共5个景观指数,并结合土地利用类型、不透水率、植被覆盖度、降雨量、地形地势及雨水管网密度等内涝影响因子,运用相关分析和多元逐步回归分析,探究深圳市景观格局对内涝的影响。结果表明:(1)土地利用类型中,住宅用地等建设用地对内涝灾害影响最大,其面积比例的增加会加剧区域内涝程度;(2)城市各类型景观格局特征中,建设用地斑块的优势度、聚集度越高,景观破碎化程度越低,区域的内涝程度越高,绿地的景观格局对城市内涝的影响与建设用地相反;(3)城市整体景观特征中,景观整体越复杂越不易引发内涝灾害;(4)不透水率等人为因素比降雨量等自然因素对城市内涝的影响程度大。本研究的结果可以使人关注到地表景观格局对内涝的重要作用,为内涝治理和景观格局的规划管理提供参考和借鉴。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the frequent occurrence of urban waterlogging has aroused strong concern.The existing researches on urban waterlogging pay more attention to the relationship between land use and urban waterlogging, but not to the effect of urban landscape pattern on urban waterlogging.This paper takes Shenzhen City, where the waterlogging problem is serious, as the research area.Shannon's Diversity index (SHDI), Shannon's Diversity Index (SHDI) and Shannon's Diversity Index (SHDI),Combined with land use type, impermeability, vegetation coverage, rainfall, topography and rainwater network density, the effects of landscape pattern on waterlogging in Shenzhen were studied by using correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis.The results show that among the land use types, the residential land and other construction land have the greatest impact on the waterlogging disaster, and the increase of the area ratio will aggravate the regional waterlogging degree.The higher the degree of aggregation, the lower the degree of landscape fragmentation and the higher the degree of waterlogging in the region. The effect of landscape pattern of green space on urban waterlogging is contrary to that of construction land.The more complex the landscape is, the more difficult it is to cause waterlogging disasters. (4) the degree of influence of man-made factors such as water impermeability on urban waterlogging is greater than that of natural factors such as rainfall.The results of this study can make people pay attention to the important role of surface landscape pattern on waterlogging and provide reference for waterlogging control and landscape pattern planning and management.
【作者单位】：北京大学城市规划与设计学院城市人居环境科学与技术重点实验室;北京大学城市与环境学院地表过程与模拟教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41330747)~~
【分类号】：TU992;TU984.1

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