兰州市海绵城市建设研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 19:03

本文选题：兰州市　切入点：海绵城市　出处：《兰州交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：21世纪将是城市的世纪。随着城市化进程的不断推进,中国实现了从乡村型社会跨入到城市型社会为主的新时期。在促进经济增长的同时,城市化也带来了诸多问题。不透水面积的增加使得雨水难以下渗,最终引发城市涝灾。高强度开发,导致河湖水生态空间被严重挤占,湿地、绿地等面积趋于萎缩,生物多样性遭到威胁。生产和生活废水随意外排,使得城市水体黑臭现象频繁发生。城市化带来的人口规模的增长,使得城市生产和生活用水剧增,许多城市面临着水资源供不应求的窘境,加之城市水体受到污染,很多城市水质性缺水问题十分突出。所有这些严峻的现实问题,不仅严重威胁着人民群众的生命财产安全,而且也不利于城市经济社会的健康可持续发展。2013年12月在中央城镇化工作会议上,习近平总书记提出要建设自然积存、自然渗透、自然净化的“海绵城市”。通过海绵城市建设,采用低影响开发手段,综合采取“渗、滞、蓄、净、用、排”措施,来达到“小雨不积水,大雨不内涝,热岛有缓解,水体不黑臭”的目的。当前,全国已掀起海绵城市建设的热潮。兰州市位于中国西北内陆地区,是甘肃省的政治、经济、文化中心。在城市发展过程中,兰州市面临着水资源短缺、内涝多发、水污染等一系列水问题,人居环境质量不容乐观。论文以兰州市为例对海绵城市进行系统研究,探讨兰州市建设海绵城市的必要性、可行性、重要性以及具体建设路径。首先,论文在阐述研究背景、研究意义、研究内容及研究方法的基础上对海绵城市理论进行解读,进而综述了国内外海绵城市建设的理论与实践。通过国内外的对比分析,总结值得国内城市学习和借鉴的经验做法。第二,论文叙述了兰州市的基本概况和水情的具体现状,提出了兰州市在水安全、水资源、水环境等方面存在的问题,得出兰州市建设海绵城市很有必要的结论。采用SWOT分析法,得出兰州市当前建设海绵城市劣势大于优势,机遇和挑战并存的结论,即兰州市当前建设海绵城市存在一定困难,但具有建设的可行性。第三,论文根据兰州市的实际情况,提出了海绵城市建设的目标和指标,并指出这些指标并非固定不变,而需要随着兰州市未来发展情况做出动态调整。第四,论文分析了兰州市经过海绵城市建设后,将具有巨大的生态环境和社会经济效益,即得出海绵城市建设对兰州市的重要性的结论。第五,论文提出了兰州市海绵城市建设的对策与建议。最后,论文阐述了研究中的不足之处,并对兰州市的未来进行了展望:通过海绵城市建设,兰州市有望发展成为中国西部地区充满活力的宜居山水之城。
[Abstract]:The 21st century will be the century of cities.With the development of urbanization, China has realized a new period from rural society to urban society.In promoting economic growth, urbanization has also brought many problems.The increase of impermeable area makes it difficult for Rain Water to infiltrate and eventually cause urban waterlogging.The high intensity exploitation results in the serious crowding of the ecological space of rivers and lakes, the shrinking of wetland and green space, and the threat to biodiversity.The production and domestic wastewater is discharged at will, which makes the phenomenon of black and smelly in the city water body happen frequently.The increase of population scale brought by urbanization makes urban production and domestic water use increase dramatically. Many cities are faced with the dilemma of shortage of water resources, in addition to the pollution of urban water bodies, the water quality of many cities is very prominent.All these serious practical problems not only seriously threaten the lives and property of the people, but also are not conducive to the healthy and sustainable development of urban economy and society. In December 2013, at the Central working Conference on urbanization,General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed to build a spongy city with natural accumulation, natural infiltration and natural purification.Through the sponge city construction, adopting the low influence development means, synthetically adopting the measures of "seepage, hysteresis, storage, net, use, discharge", to achieve the purpose of "light rain does not have water, heavy rain does not flood, heat island has relief, water body does not smell black".At present, the country has set off spongy city construction upsurge.Located in inland northwest China, Lanzhou is the political, economic and cultural center of Gansu Province.In the process of urban development, Lanzhou is faced with a series of water problems, such as water shortage, frequent waterlogging, water pollution and so on.Taking Lanzhou as an example, this paper makes a systematic study on the sponge city, and discusses the necessity, feasibility, importance and concrete construction path of the construction of the sponge city in Lanzhou.Firstly, on the basis of expounding the research background, research significance, research contents and research methods, the paper interprets the theory of sponge city, and then summarizes the theory and practice of sponge city construction at home and abroad.Through the comparative analysis at home and abroad, summed up the experience and practices worthy of domestic cities to learn and learn from.Second, the paper describes the basic situation of Lanzhou City and the specific status of the water situation, puts forward the Lanzhou City in water security, water resources, water environment and other aspects of the problems, draw the Lanzhou City sponge city is very necessary conclusions.By using SWOT analysis, the author draws the conclusion that the disadvantage of constructing sponge city in Lanzhou is greater than its advantages, and opportunities and challenges coexist, that is to say, the construction of sponge city in Lanzhou has some difficulties, but it has the feasibility of construction.Thirdly, according to the actual situation of Lanzhou City, the paper puts forward the goals and targets of sponge city construction, and points out that these indexes are not fixed, but need to be dynamically adjusted with the future development of Lanzhou City.Fourth, the paper analyzes the importance of the construction of the sponge city in Lanzhou, which will have a huge ecological environment and social and economic benefits, that is, the importance of the construction of the sponge city to Lanzhou.Fifth, the paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of sponge city construction in Lanzhou.Finally, the paper expounds the deficiencies of the research, and looks forward to the future of Lanzhou: through the construction of sponge city, Lanzhou is expected to develop into a dynamic and livable landscape city in the western part of China.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU992

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