地板下送风风道结构对数据中心热环境影响的研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 06:45

本文选题：风道结构 + 地板下送风　；参考：《南京师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：数据中心建设的蓬勃发展与其高能耗的特点已经引起了社会及国内外专家学者的广泛关注,节能改造或建造高能效的数据中心对于节能降耗研究具有重大意义。在数据中心的能耗组成中,空调系统能耗约占45%左右,成为主要的能耗来源。随着电子产品集成化程度的不断提高,单位面积散热量每年大幅增长,高热流密度设备的巨大发热量给空调系统供冷提出严峻考验。同时由于气流组织不合理、设备不匹配等因素造成的冷量浪费和局部过热现象亟待解决。为了保证设备安全稳定的运行,创造良好的数据中心热环境显得尤为重要。目前在数据中心节能探索研究中,国内外专家学者更多集中在热环境改善、气流组织优化的研究中。数据中心内气流组织的运行效果是通过热环境来呈现,优化出合适的气流组织形式,不仅有利于减少数据中心局部热点产生,改善热环境,还能提高冷量的利用率,降低数据中心的空调系统能耗。冷/热通道布置、架空地板下送风上回风方式作为行之有效的数据中心气流组织形式被广泛采用。对于地板下送风型数据中心,地板下静压层内的气流组织在数据中心有效运作上起关键作用。因此改善地板下送风型数据中心气流组织分布的关键就是要优化地板下静压层内的流场。而影响地板下静压层内流场的因素主要包括:机房空调的位置及送风速度、静压层的高度、穿孔地板的穿孔率和地板下障碍物的位置,如地板支架、电缆和管道等。为了改善地板下送风型数据中心热环境品质,优化气流组织分布,提高冷量利用率,国内外的研究主流主要是以下两方面:一、冷通道封闭、热通道封闭;二、优化地板下送风风道结构。研究手段也大多是数值模拟的方法。大型数据中心往往都是以排布奇数列或偶数列机柜的数据中心子模块为基础扩展而成。本文以改善数据中心热环境,降低空调系统能耗为根本目标,以排列偶数列机柜的数据中心子模块为基础,选取某大型数据中心排布4列机柜冷通道封闭的数据中心子模块作为研究对象,对开孔地板下送风形式下子模块的速度场与温度场展开全面的分析,总结存在的热环境问题。进一步地,数值模拟研究了静压层高度、穿孔地板穿孔率和地板下挡板角度对气流组织的影响,推荐静压层高度的范围为700mm～800mm,穿孔地板穿孔率的范围为20%～30%,并逐步优化出数据中心子模块的最佳静压层高度和穿孔地板穿孔率。在此基础上,为了得到最佳冷却效果,在静压层内架设挡板,并在-15°～45°的挡板角度中选择最佳角度位置。最终得到数据中心子模块的最佳气流组织模型并试验验证,有效改善数据中心热环境品质的同时,也为大型数据中心热环境的优化设计提供参考。
[Abstract]:The vigorous development of data center construction and its characteristics of high energy consumption have attracted the widespread attention of the society and domestic and foreign experts and scholars. It is of great significance to study energy saving and consumption reduction by transforming or constructing the data center with high energy efficiency.In the data center, the energy consumption of air conditioning system is about 45%, which is the main energy consumption source.With the continuous improvement of the integration of electronic products, the heat loss per unit area increases greatly every year. The huge heat emission of high heat flux equipment presents a severe test for the cooling of air conditioning system.At the same time, the waste of cooling quantity and local overheating caused by unreasonable airflow organization and equipment mismatch are urgently needed to be solved.In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment, it is particularly important to create a good data center thermal environment.At present, experts and scholars at home and abroad focus more on the improvement of thermal environment and the optimization of airflow organization in the research of energy conservation in data centers.The operation effect of airflow organization in the data center is presented by thermal environment, and the suitable airflow organization form is optimized. It is not only helpful to reduce the local hot spots in the data center and improve the thermal environment, but also to increase the utilization rate of the cooling amount.Reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioning system in the data center.The cold / hot channel arrangement and the upper air return under the overhead floor are widely used as effective data center airflow organization.For the underfloor air supply type data center, the airflow organization in the static layer under the floor plays a key role in the effective operation of the data center.Therefore, the key to improve the distribution of airflow in the underfloor air supply data center is to optimize the flow field in the static layer under the floor.The main factors affecting the flow field of the static pressure layer under the floor include: the air conditioning position and the velocity of air supply, the height of the static pressure layer, the perforation rate of the perforated floor and the position of obstacles under the floor, such as floor support, cable and pipe, etc.In order to improve the quality of thermal environment, optimize the distribution of airflow, and increase the utilization rate of cooling rate, the main research trends at home and abroad are as follows: first, the cold channel is closed, the hot channel is closed;Optimize the air duct structure under the floor.Most of the research methods are numerical simulation methods.Large-scale data centers are often extended on the basis of the data center submodules of odd-numbered or even-numbered cabinets.The basic goal of this paper is to improve the thermal environment of the data center, to reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioning system, and to arrange the sub-modules of the data center of the even row cabinet as the foundation.In this paper, a data center sub-module which is arranged in a large data center is selected as the research object. The velocity field and temperature field of the submodule are analyzed comprehensively, and the existing thermal environment problems are summarized.Furthermore, the effects of static layer height, perforation rate and angle of underfloor baffles on airflow are studied numerically.The recommended height of static pressure layer is 700mm / 800mm, and the perforation rate of perforated floor is 20 / 30mm, and the optimum static layer height and perforated floor perforation rate of data center submodule are optimized step by step.On this basis, in order to obtain the best cooling effect, the baffle is set up in the static pressure layer, and the optimum angle position is chosen among the baffle angles of -15 掳and 45 掳.Finally, the optimal airflow organization model of the data center sub-module is obtained and verified by experiments, which effectively improves the thermal environment quality of the data center and provides a reference for the optimization design of the large data center thermal environment.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU83

【参考文献】