复合砌块墙体热湿及空气渗透耦合传递特性试验研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 16:48

本文选题：复合砌块墙体 + 热湿耦合　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着建筑节能要求的不断提高,复合保温砌块等新型墙体材料在建筑墙体中的应用越来越广泛。由主体材料和填充材料组成的复合保温砌块墙体的构造是非均匀的,将墙体热湿耦合传递近似为一维传递过程将会造成一定的偏差。建筑墙体受室外风压作用,会产生一定的空气压差,在压差作用下的空气渗透会影响到墙体内部的热湿传递特性。复合保温砌块中的填充材料多为保温性能优良的材料,其空气渗透性较强,并且填充材料多位于砌块的中间,如果材料受潮,会显著降低墙体的热工性能。如对墙体中的湿传递产生的后果考虑不充分将导致建筑使用过程中出现墙体表面剥蚀、渗漏、发霉甚至结构出现损坏。为了保证墙体正常使用,需要对复合砌块墙体内的热湿及空气渗透耦合传递特性进行深入研究。1)利用自主研发的粉煤灰混凝土复合保温砌块制作了一面1500mm×290mm×2400mm(宽度×厚度×高度)的试验墙体。在综合考虑室内外温湿度和试验风压的基础上,根据粉煤灰混凝土复合保温砌块的孔型分布,确定温湿度测点的位置,搭建用于测试不同压差作用下的复合砌块墙体热湿及空气渗透耦合传递特性试验装置。2)利用自制的试验装置在人工气候环境和室内空气环境条件下对粉煤灰混凝土复合保温砌块墙体内的热湿耦合传递特性进行了试验研究,结果表明:在粉煤灰混凝土复合保温砌块墙体厚度方向和宽度方向上均存在热量和湿量传递,墙体厚度方向为主要传递方向但在宽度方向上存在一定的温度和湿度差异,这是一个二维热湿耦合传递过程,简化为一维问题将会出现一定偏差。3)测试在墙体两侧压差为0Pa、1013Pa和2002Pa条件下的粉煤灰混凝土复合保温砌块墙体内部的温度和相对湿度,研究复合砌块墙体热湿及空气渗透耦合传递特性。结果表明:当空气渗透方向与水蒸气扩散方向同向时,会增强湿量的传递,墙体偏潮湿;若反向,则会减弱湿量的传递,墙体偏干燥。室内外压差越大对墙体内部热湿传递的影响越明显,而且空气渗透对相对湿度分布的影响比对温度分布的影响更显著。
[Abstract]:With the increasing requirement of building energy saving, the application of new wall materials, such as composite insulation block, is more and more widely used in building wall. The structure of composite insulation block wall composed of main material and filling material is nonuniform, and the heat and humidity coupling transfer of wall will be approximately one dimension transfer process, which will cause certain deviation. The wall is affected by the outdoor air pressure, which will produce certain air pressure difference. The air permeability under the pressure difference will affect the heat and moisture transfer characteristics inside the wall. The filling material in the composite insulation block is mostly good insulation material, its air permeability is strong, and the filling material is mostly in the middle of the block, if the material is damp, the material will be dampened. The thermal performance of the wall can be significantly reduced, such as the insufficient consideration of the consequences of the wet transfer in the wall, which will lead to the appearance of wall surface erosion, leakage, moldy and even structural damage in the process of building use. In order to ensure the normal use of the wall, the heat moisture and air permeability coupling transmission characteristics in the composite masonry wall need to be carried out in depth. Research.1) made use of self developed fly ash concrete composite insulation block to make a test wall 1500mm x 290mm x 2400mm (width x thickness * height). On the basis of comprehensive consideration of indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity and test wind pressure, according to the pore distribution of fly ash concrete composite insulation block, the location of temperature and humidity measurement point is set up. A test device used to test the heat moisture and air permeability coupling transmission characteristics of composite masonry walls under different pressure differences.2) is used to test the thermal and moisture transfer characteristics of the fly ash concrete composite insulation block wall under the artificial climate environment and indoor air environment. There is heat and moisture transfer in the direction and width direction of the wall thickness direction and width of the fly ash concrete composite insulation block wall. The direction of the wall thickness is the main transfer direction, but there is a certain temperature and humidity difference in the width direction. This is a two-dimensional heat and humidity coupling transfer process, and the one dimension problem will appear a certain deviation.3) test. The heat moisture and air permeability coupling transfer characteristics of the composite masonry wall are studied by the temperature and relative humidity inside the wall of 0Pa, 1013Pa and 2002Pa. The results show that when the direction of air infiltration is in the same direction with the water vapor diffusion, the moisture transfer and the wall tide will be enhanced. If the humidity is reversed, the moisture transfer will be weakened and the wall is dry. The greater the pressure difference is, the more obvious the effect on the heat and humidity transfer inside the wall, and the influence of air permeability on the distribution of relative humidity is more significant than the temperature distribution.

【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU111;TU83

【参考文献】