极端湿热气候状况下空调房间外墙热湿传递特性研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 05:37

  本文选题：极端湿热 + 空调房间　； 参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：能源是人类活动所必需的物质基础,是推动整个社会生产力发展的根本,一个国家对能源的掌控能力在一定程度上决定了它的兴衰。节约能源要从减少能源消耗入手。社会总能耗主要分为生产能耗与生活能耗两种,而生活能耗中耗能最多的环节在于交通与建筑。建筑所使用的能源很多大一部分消耗在了采暖和制冷上,研究围护结构内部热湿传递过程对于合理进行墙体热工设计,提高建筑保温效果,降低建筑能耗有非常重要的意义。而极端湿热气候区常年高温高湿,在气候条件的影响下墙体内部可能含有更多的水分,从而影响到墙体的保温效果,也就会导致更多的制冷量散失,所以针对极端湿热气候状况下墙体热湿传递的研究十分必要。本文对比分析了极端湿热气候区与我国典型湿热气候城市的气象数据,总结出该地区相比较于典型湿热气候的显著特点在于长时间处于较高的温度湿度状态,同时伴有强烈的太阳辐射与大风降水天气,对房屋外墙的热湿传递产生很大影响。本文从经典热湿传递原理出发,分析了热量湿分在极端湿热气候状况下在围护结构多孔材料内部传递的机理与传热传湿过程之间的耦合方式,以温度与空气相对湿度为驱动势,依靠单元质量守恒与能量守恒定律建立了适合在极端湿热气候状况下使用的热湿传递方程并确定了边界条件。然后通过使用COMSOL多物理场耦合模拟计算软件进行离散计算,并通过HUMSTAD实验案例验证了模型的科学性,对以后在该地区的热湿传递研究以及围护结构构造研究提供了参考。最后本文还运用模型具体计算分析了考虑热湿耦合传递与单纯热传递,内保温与外保温,不同保温层厚度、不同室内设计温度、有无太阳辐射等因素对于极端湿热气候状况下空调房间外墙热湿状态的影响作用。得出了湿传递能够明显减小墙体内温度振幅,在极端湿热气候状况下不适合使用外保温的构造形式;对于24小时空调运行建筑来说,不同的保温层厚度对于墙体内的热湿状况影响不明显;室内空调设置的温度不宜过低;该地区强烈的太阳辐射会导致外墙外表面温度升高1-2℃并使墙体内温度波动呈现与太阳辐射强度相近的规律性等结论。
[Abstract]:Energy is the necessary material basis for human activities and the fundamental to promote the development of the whole social productive forces. To a certain extent, a country's ability to control energy determines its rise and fall. Energy conservation should start with reducing energy consumption. The total energy consumption of society is divided into production energy consumption and living energy consumption, and the most energy consumption of life energy consumption is traffic and building. Most of the energy used in buildings is consumed on heating and refrigeration. It is very important to study the heat and moisture transfer process in the enclosure structure for reasonable wall thermal design, improve the thermal insulation effect of buildings and reduce building energy consumption. Under the influence of climatic conditions, the wall may contain more water, thus affecting the insulation effect of the wall, which will lead to more cooling loss. Therefore, it is necessary to study the heat and moisture transfer of wall in extreme humid climate. In this paper, the meteorological data of extreme humid and thermal climate regions are compared with those of typical cities in China. It is concluded that the remarkable characteristic of this area compared with typical humid and thermal climate is that it is in a high temperature and humidity state for a long time. At the same time, strong solar radiation and strong wind and precipitation weather have great influence on the heat and moisture transfer of the exterior walls of buildings. Based on the classical heat and moisture transfer principle, this paper analyzes the coupling mode between the heat and moisture transfer mechanism and the heat and moisture transfer process in the porous materials of the envelope structure under the extreme humid and humid climate conditions, and takes the temperature and the air relative humidity as the driving potential. Based on the conservation laws of mass and energy, the heat and moisture transfer equations are established and the boundary conditions are determined. Then the discrete calculation is carried out by using the COMSOL multi-physical field coupling simulation software, and the scientific model is verified by the HUMSTAD experimental case, which provides a reference for the research of heat and moisture transfer and the construction of the enclosure structure in this area. Finally, the model is used to calculate and analyze the heat and humidity coupling transfer and pure heat transfer, internal and external heat preservation, different thickness of insulation layer, different indoor design temperature. The influence of solar radiation on the heat and humidity of the exterior wall of air conditioning room under extreme humid and thermal climate. It is concluded that moisture transfer can obviously reduce the amplitude of temperature in the wall, and it is not suitable to use external heat preservation in extreme humid and hot climate. The influence of different thickness of insulation layer on the heat and humidity of the wall is not obvious, and the temperature of indoor air conditioning should not be too low. The strong solar radiation in this area will cause the external wall surface temperature to rise by 1-2 鈩，

本文编号：1809443