发泡矿渣基矿物聚合物的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 08:50

本文选题：碱激发矿渣 + 发泡剂　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：保温材料是建筑节能的物质基础。与有机类保温材料相比,无机保温材料具有防火、耐久、无毒、无害等优势,应用前景更为广阔。通用硅酸盐水泥泡沫混凝土作为常用的无机保温材料,存在凝结硬化慢、绝对强度低、轻质-高强矛盾突出等技术缺陷,其应用受到了很大限制。矿渣基矿物聚合物作为一种新型胶凝材料,具有快硬、早强、高强、利废、环保等特点。鉴于此,本课题提出利用矿渣基矿物聚合物作为胶凝材料制备泡沫混凝土的技术思路,并以期获得轻质-高强的无机保温材料。首先,课题选用十二烷基硫酸钠(K12)、α-烯基磺酸钠(AOS)以及脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES)三种起泡组分,测试了单一起泡组分在不同浓度下的起泡性能;在此基础上,以硅树脂聚醚乳液(MPS)为稳泡组分,K12、AOS、AES为起泡组分,分别复合制备发泡剂(K12型、AOS型和AES型),并对比分析了三种复合发泡剂在空气及新拌泡沫混凝土浆料中的稳定性。研究结果表明:K12、AOS和AES三种起泡组分质量分数分别为0.6wt%、0.4wt%和0.8wt%时,三种发泡液具有最佳的起泡性能;掺入MPS浓度为0.08wt%时,K12型、AOS型和AES型三种复合发泡剂的综合性能最佳,其发泡倍数分别为53、37和53,1h沉降距分别为5mm、9mm和5mm,1h泌水率分别为47%、49%和46%;三种复合发泡剂所制备泡沫在矿渣基矿物聚合物新拌浆料中的稳定性依次为AES型K12型AOS型。其次,试验研究了液胶比(水玻璃溶液与粒化高炉矿渣质量之比)和泡沫掺量对泡沫混凝土性能的影响。研究结果表明:当泡沫掺量为4.00%时,随着液胶比的增大,发泡矿渣基矿物聚合物的干密度与抗压强度均降低,泡沫掺量为8.00%时,制品干密度几乎不受液胶比影响,抗压强度随液胶比的增加而减小;当泡沫掺量(泡沫与浆体质量比)为4.45~10.70%时,随泡沫掺量增加,发泡矿渣聚合物的孔隙率增加、平均孔径及孔圆度值增大、小孔比例减小而中孔和大孔比例增加,相应的发泡矿渣聚合物干密度、抗折强度、抗压强度和导热系数均呈负指数关系降低且相关性强。当泡沫掺量为4.45~12.00%时,所制备的发泡矿渣基矿物聚合物的干密度为398~1325kg/m3,抗压强度1.12~17.81MPa、导热系数0.0813~0.2211W/(m?K),且在相同密度等级下,所制备泡沫混凝土的强度和导热系数明显优于JG/T 266-2011《泡沫混凝土》中规定的技术要求。最后,试验探讨了轻骨料和纤维对发泡矿渣基矿物聚合物干密度、强度及收缩性能的影响。研究结果表明:随着膨胀蛭石掺量增加,发泡矿渣基矿物聚合物干密度先增大后减小、抗压强度显著降低及收缩值降低;随着膨胀珍珠岩掺量增加,制品干密度及抗压强度显著降低,收缩值降低;随着PVA纤维掺量增加,制品干密度及强度先增大后减小,收缩值降低;随着CF纤维掺量增加,制品干密度、抗压强度以及收缩值显著降低;PVA纤维与CF纤维相比,PVA纤维对发泡矿渣基矿物聚合物的增强效果优于CF,而CF对制品的增韧效果优于PVA纤维。
[Abstract]:Thermal insulation material is the material foundation of building energy saving. Compared with organic thermal insulation material, inorganic thermal insulation material has the advantages of fireproof, durability, innocuity and innocuity. The application prospect is wider. General silicate cement foam concrete as a common inorganic thermal insulation material, there is a slow setting hardening, low absolute strength, light quality and high strength contradiction and so on. As a new type of cementitious material, the slag based mineral polymer has the characteristics of fast hard, early strength, high strength, high strength, waste, environmental protection and so on. In view of this, this topic puts forward a technical idea to prepare foam concrete by using slag based mineral polymer as cementitious material, and in order to obtain light and high-strength inorganic heat preservation. First, we selected three kinds of foam components, twelve sodium alkyl sulfate (K12), sodium alkenate sulfonate (AOS) and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate (AES), and tested the foaming properties of the single bubble composition at different concentrations. On this basis, the silicone resin polyether emulsion (MPS) was a stable bubble component, K12, AOS, and AES were the foaming components, respectively. The foaming agents (type K12, AOS and AES) were prepared and the stability of the three compound foaming agents in the air and new mixed foam concrete was compared and analyzed. The results showed that the best foaming properties of the three foaming components of K12, AOS and AES were 0.6wt%, 0.4wt% and 0.8wt%, and the concentration of MPS was 0.08, and the concentration of MPS was 0.08. Wt%, K12, AOS and AES type three compound foaming agents have the best comprehensive properties. The foaming times of 53,37 and 53,1h sedimentation distances are respectively 5mm, 9mm and 5mm, and 1H secreting rates are 47%, 49% and 46%, respectively. The stability of the three compound foaming agents in the slag based mineral polymer slurry is followed by AES K12 type. The effect of liquid gel ratio (water glass solution and granulated blast furnace slag mass ratio) and foam content on the performance of foam concrete was studied. The results showed that when the foam content was 4%, the dry density and the anti pressure degree of the foam slag based mineral polymer decreased with the increase of the liquid binder ratio, and the dry density of the foam was 8%. When the ratio of foam and slurry is 4.45~10.70%, the porosity of the foaming slag polymer increases, the average pore size and the pore circle value increase with the increase of foam content. The ratio of small pore ratio and the proportion of mesoporous and large pores is increased, and the corresponding foaming slag is found. The dry density, flexural strength, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of the polymer have a negative exponential relationship. When the amount of foam is 4.45~12.00%, the dry density of the foaming slag based mineral polymer is 398~1325kg/m3, the compressive strength 1.12~17.81MPa, the thermal conductivity 0.0813~0.2211W/ (M? K), and at the same density grade. The strength and thermal conductivity of foamed concrete are obviously superior to the technical requirements stipulated in JG/T 266-2011< foam concrete. Finally, the effects of light aggregate and fiber on the dry density, strength and shrinkage properties of foam slag based mineral polymers are investigated. The results show that the mineral accumulation of foamed mineral residue is increased with the increase of the amount of expanded vermiculite. The dry density and compressive strength of the products decreased significantly and the shrinkage value decreased with the increase of the content of the expanded perlite. As the amount of PVA fiber increased, the dry density and strength of the products increased first and then decreased, and the shrinkage value decreased with the increase of the amount of CF fiber, the dry density of products. The compressive strength and the shrinkage value of the PVA fiber are significantly lower than that of the CF fibers, and the enhanced effect of PVA fiber on the foamed mineral based mineral polymers is better than that of the CF, while the toughening effect of CF on the products is better than that of the PVA fiber.

【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU528

【参考文献】