广州地区适宜风环境导向的居住区室外空间设计研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 19:05

本文选题：风环境 + 室外空间　；参考：《广州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：居住区是人居生活的重要载体,良好的室外环境有利于提高居民户外社会性活动的意向性,增添居住区的生命活力。同时,良好的风环境有助于加快居住区内空气自净效率,降低炎热夏季的辐射温度,一定程度上消弱局部热岛效应,对于进一步提升人居环境的舒适性具有十分积极的意义。本文首先分析了居住区室外空间与风环境的关系,提出了居住区室外空间风环境适宜性设计的必要性与分析方向;并分析广州地区气象资料与相关实测研究,反映出广州地区气候冬暖夏热,夏季高热高湿,近地风场微弱,城区近地无风区域偏多的风环境现状特征;然后,基于广州地区风环境特点,分析对比多种现有风环境舒适度评价体系,综合基于热舒适性评价体系里对风速舒适性等级的划分方式(即V1m/s范围内滞风、差、低的三个评级,定义为不舒适风速区间)与静风区面积比的量化模式,提出以不舒适风速区间(V1m/s)为静风区衡量标准的静风区面积比量化分析方式适宜广州地区特有风环境条件。同时,结合围合空间的领域性理论,对比分析广州地区居住区典型形态与其室外活动空间的形态关系,得出了广州地区居住区室外空间的五种基本形态单元:单向封闭式空间单元、多向开放式空间单元、中轴式空间单元、半封闭式空间单元及全封闭式空间单元;并利用模拟分析法,对以上五类室外空间基本形态单元分别进行风环境模拟分析,提出了基于改变迎风角、引流面、形态、架空及出入口等一系列措施下的,对应各类空间基本形态单元的风环境设计优化指引,为广州地区拟建居住区项目室外空间良好风环境的营造提供了一定的参考与方向。另外,通过分析居住区规划方案设计的各类参考因素,发现居住区规划设计初步方案取决于项目自身决定性因素,风环境因素并不没有决定性,方案的风环境设计优化应该在保证用地指标以及保持原住区设计思路的前提下进行;同时,分析规划设计流程中各阶段的特点,提出风环境设计理念应从项目策划初期开始介入,贯穿项目的始终,在项目初步方案确定后,利用CFD技术并结合本文提出的基于广州地区五类基本空间形态单元的风环境设计指引,对初步方案进行风环境适宜性优化设计,使最终方案既满足设计初衷又具有舒适的风环境。本文在当前城市环境被逐渐重视的大趋势下,通过对广州地区居住区室外空间的调研和分析,建立适宜风环境导向下的规划设计辅助方法,可丰富居住区室外空间设计理论,具有一定的理论意义;本文提出的营造良好的居住区室外空间风环境适宜性设计指引,可为提升居住区室外休闲活动区域的吸引力,居住区生态环境品质的室外空间优化设计提供更多的可能。
[Abstract]:Residential area is an important carrier of human settlement life, good outdoor environment is conducive to improve residents' intention of outdoor social activities, and increase the vitality of residential areas. At the same time, a good wind environment is helpful to accelerate the air self-purification efficiency, reduce the radiation temperature in hot summer, and weaken the local heat island effect to a certain extent, which has a very positive significance for further improving the comfort of human settlements. In this paper, the relationship between outdoor space and wind environment of residential area is analyzed, and the necessity and direction of design of wind environment suitability in outdoor space of residential area are put forward, and the meteorological data and related field measurement in Guangzhou area are analyzed. It reflects the current characteristics of the wind-environment in Guangzhou, which is warm in winter and hot in summer, high heat and high humidity in summer, weak wind field in near earth, and more windless areas in urban area. Then, based on the characteristics of wind environment in Guangzhou, Based on the analysis and comparison of many existing wind comfort evaluation systems, the classification of wind speed comfort grade (i.e., three grades of wind lag, poor and low in V1m/s range) is comprehensively based on the thermal comfort evaluation system. It is defined as the quantification model of area ratio between uncomfortable wind speed interval) and static wind zone, and a quantitative analysis method of area ratio of static wind zone using uncomfortable wind speed interval (V1 m / s) as the standard is suitable for the unique wind environment conditions in Guangzhou area. At the same time, combining with the domain theory of enclosed space, the paper contrasts and analyzes the relationship between the typical form of residential area and its outdoor activity space in Guangzhou area. Five basic form units of outdoor space of residential area in Guangzhou are obtained: unidirectional closed space unit, multi-directional open space unit, central axis space unit, semi-closed space unit and fully enclosed space unit. Using the simulation analysis method, the wind environment simulation analysis of the above five kinds of outdoor space basic morphological units is carried out, and a series of measures based on changing the windward angle, drainage surface, shape, overhead and entrance and exit are put forward. The optimal design guideline of wind environment corresponding to all kinds of basic spatial form units provides a certain reference and direction for the construction of good wind environment in outdoor space of planned residential area projects in Guangzhou area. In addition, by analyzing all kinds of reference factors of residential district planning and design, it is found that the preliminary plan of residential district planning and design depends on the decisive factors of the project itself, and the wind environment factor is not without decisive effect. The wind environment design optimization of the project should be carried out on the premise of ensuring the land use index and maintaining the original residential area design ideas. At the same time, the characteristics of each stage in the planning and design process are analyzed. It is proposed that the concept of wind environment design should be involved from the initial stage of the project planning, throughout the project, after the initial project plan is determined, Using CFD technology and the wind environment design guideline based on five basic spatial morphological units proposed in this paper, the wind environment suitability optimization design of the preliminary scheme is carried out. So that the final plan not only meets the original intention of the design, but also has a comfortable wind environment. Under the trend that the urban environment is being paid more and more attention to, through the investigation and analysis of the outdoor space of the residential area in Guangzhou, this paper establishes the planning and design assistant method under the guidance of the wind environment, which can enrich the theory of outdoor space design of the residential area. It is of certain theoretical significance that this paper puts forward a good design guideline for the design of outdoor space and wind environment in residential areas, which can enhance the attraction of outdoor leisure activities in residential areas. The outdoor space optimization design of ecological environment quality of residential area provides more possibilities.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.12;TU119

【参考文献】