中国城市LID技术设施的成本效益区域差异

发布时间：2018-05-15 00:30

本文选题：城市雨洪管理 + 低影响开发(LID)　；参考：《地理科学进展》2017年11期

【摘要】：随着城市化进程不断加快,人口和城市规模不断扩张,对现代城市雨洪管理提出了新要求。本文运用情景分析法研究中国城市典型低影响开发(Low Impact Development,LID)技术设施的成本效益。分别以80%与95%降雨场次控制率对应的场次降雨为情景,以30年为服务期计算技术设施的雨水管理效益。研究发现:北方城市的建安成本与维护费用均值高于南方城市,同时受区域降雨量差异的影响,南方城市LID技术设施的雨水处理效益普遍高于北方。而北方城市之间效益差异亦较大,其中京津冀地区及西北地区的城市雨水处理效益尤低。不同技术设施之间差异表现为:原地入渗设施的雨水处理成本在6~188元/m3之间,显著高于具有汇流功能的设施。对降水较少的北方城市建议采用成本低、效果好的下沉式绿地结合雨水湿地的方式;对雨量大、雨强高的南方城市建议采用生物滞留设施结合调节塘的方式,可增大调蓄能力达到降雨场次控制率的要求,同时能够净化地面径流、增强雨水下渗。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and the expansion of population and urban scale, new requirements are put forward for the management of rain and flood in modern cities. This paper studies the cost-effectiveness of low Impact Development (lid) technology facilities in typical low impact cities in China by scenario analysis. The Rain Water management benefits of the technical facilities were calculated with the rainfall corresponding to 80% and 95% of the rainfall control rate as the scenario and the 30 years of service as the service period respectively. It is found that the average cost and maintenance cost of Jian'an in northern cities are higher than those in southern cities, and the Rain Water treatment efficiency of LID technical facilities in southern cities is generally higher than that in northern cities, which is affected by regional rainfall differences. The benefit of Rain Water treatment is especially low in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and Northwest China. The differences among different technical facilities are as follows: the Rain Water treatment cost of in-situ infiltration facilities is between 6 ~ 188 yuan / m ~ 3, which is significantly higher than that of the facilities with confluence function. For the northern cities with less precipitation, it is suggested to adopt the low cost and good effect sunken green land combined with Rain Water wetland, and for the southern cities with heavy rainfall and high rain intensity, the biological retention facilities combined with regulating ponds should be adopted. It can increase the storage capacity to meet the requirements of rainfall field control rate, at the same time, it can purify surface runoff and enhance Rain Water infiltration.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;中国科学院陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：中国科学院重点部署项目(KFZD-SW-301)~~
【分类号】：TU992

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