高烈度区超长建筑结构隔震设计与抗震机理研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 04:08

本文选题：高烈度区 + 基础隔震　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济社会的发展,城市化进程的加快,城市建筑用地日益紧张。为了解决人们对住房和商业活动的需求,超长建筑和高层建筑正日益广泛的应用到城市建设之中。在超长建筑和高层建筑在城市建设和广泛应用的同时,我们不能忽视的是,中国是一个面临地震威胁和受到地震灾害影响都较为严重的国家。超长建筑和超高建筑不仅受荷情况繁多、结构形式复杂,如何在高地震烈度区建造超长和高层建筑也是工程师需重点考虑的问题。为了将地震导致的损失减小到最小,世界各国的许多学者对建筑抗震进行深入研究,也取得了一系列丰硕的成果。结构的抗震设计就是随着建筑抗震进行的深入研究而逐渐发展起来的,大部分建筑结构都是经过不同程度的抗震设计后建造出来的,因此可以说抗震结构是当今世界上数量最多的结构形式。尽管抗震结构具有非常重要的作用,但是抗震结构的最大缺点也相当明显。在大地震时,结构的某些构件会产生较大的破坏,震后的维修要花费很大的费用。尤其是地震导致的建筑结构构件的损失,往往会导致建筑丧失其本来的建筑功能,从而产生巨大的经济损失和资源浪费。为了改善、弥补抗震结构的不足之处,隔震结构、减震结构逐渐发展起来。隔震技术在一些大地震中的良好表现说明其是一种很有效的减震手段,已经被越来越多地应用于实际工程中,而且目前建筑结构隔震技术已经形成了相当完整的科学体系。我国在建筑减隔震领域经过多年的研究与应用实践也取得了丰富成果。通过多年来多次的实际地震地区隔震建筑在地震发生时的抗震表现来看,减隔震技术的采用对于保护生命财产安全具有明显的效果。本文首先介绍了减隔震的产生以及发展进程,并对比了传统抗震方法与减隔震技术的优缺点,阐释了隔震结构的基本概念,原理以及分类等内容。以及铅芯橡胶支座的力学性能和水平、竖向刚度的计算公式,并推导了多质点隔震体系的动力分析模型。采用理论分析和数值模拟的方法并结合昆明某超长建筑实例,以及在高烈度区对高层建筑采用隔震设计的相关建筑实例,对建筑的动力特性以及多遇和罕遇地震作用下的地震反应进行研究分析,研究为高地震烈度区建造类似超长建筑提供相关的参考。所做的具体工作主要有如下几点:1.根据相关实际工程案例,用PKPM软件建立相关建筑模型,并利用YJK软件将模型导入ETABS软件,并进行模型相关数据计算并验证模型的正确性,并进行模型的静力弹性的计算与分析。2.在模型的正确性基础上,根据云南省的实际场地条件,探究在高烈度区进行超长结构和高层建筑的隔震机理的研究。3.通过高层和超长建筑结构形式在高烈度区的地震反应,研究归纳这两种建筑结构形式的隔震设计方法和一般步骤。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and society and the acceleration of urbanization, urban construction land is increasingly tense. In order to meet the demand for housing and commercial activities, super-long buildings and high-rise buildings are increasingly widely used in urban construction. While super-long buildings and high-rise buildings are widely used in urban construction, we can not ignore that China is a country which is faced with earthquake threat and is seriously affected by earthquake disasters. Super-long buildings and super-high buildings are not only subjected to a variety of situations and complex structural forms, how to build super-long and high-rise buildings in high seismic intensity areas is also an important issue for engineers to consider. In order to minimize the damage caused by earthquake, many scholars all over the world have carried out in-depth research on seismic resistance of buildings, and have also achieved a series of fruitful results. The aseismic design of structures is gradually developed with the in-depth study of seismic resistance of buildings. Most of the building structures are built after different degrees of seismic design. Therefore, it can be said that seismic structure is the largest number of structures in the world. Although seismic structures play an important role, the biggest disadvantages of seismic structures are obvious. During a large earthquake, some components of the structure will be destroyed, and the repair after the earthquake will cost a lot of money. Especially the loss of structural components caused by earthquake will often lead to the loss of its original building functions resulting in huge economic losses and waste of resources. In order to improve and make up for the deficiency of seismic structure, isolated structure and shock absorption structure are gradually developed. The good performance of isolation technology in some large earthquakes shows that it is a very effective means of seismic absorption and has been used more and more in practical engineering. At present, the isolation technology of building structures has formed a quite complete scientific system. After many years of research and application in the field of building isolation, China has also achieved rich results. According to the seismic behavior of isolated buildings in earthquake area for many years, the application of isolation technology has obvious effect on protecting the safety of life and property. In this paper, the emergence and development of isolation are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of traditional seismic methods and isolation techniques are compared, and the basic concept, principle and classification of isolated structures are explained. The formulas for calculating the mechanical properties and the horizontal and vertical stiffness of the lead-rubber bearing are also given. The dynamic analysis model of the multi-particle isolation system is derived. The method of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation is used in combination with an example of a super long building in Kunming, as well as an example of a high-rise building with isolation design in high intensity area. The dynamic characteristics of buildings and the seismic response under rare and frequent earthquakes are studied and analyzed. The study provides a reference for the construction of similar super-long buildings in high seismic intensity areas. The specific work done is mainly as follows: 1. According to the actual engineering cases, the related building model is established by PKPM software, and the model is imported into ETABS software by YJK software. The model is calculated and verified by the relevant data of the model, and the static elasticity of the model is calculated and analyzed. On the basis of the correctness of the model, according to the actual site conditions in Yunnan Province, the isolation mechanism of super-long structures and high-rise buildings in high intensity areas is studied. Based on the seismic response of high-rise and super-long building structures in high intensity areas, the isolation design methods and general steps of these two structural forms are studied and summarized.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU352.1

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