既有采暖居住建筑节能改造能效监测技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 18:52

本文选题：既有采暖居住建筑 + 能效监测技术　；参考：《山东建筑大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国每年新建建筑面积逐年增多,伴随产生的建筑能耗也日趋增多,其消耗速度远远大于能源增长速度,建筑能耗已成为我国三大“耗能用户”之一,因此,开展建筑节能工作刻不容缓。其中,采暖地区既有居住建筑是我国建筑能耗主要构成部分,也是现阶段建筑节能工作的重点。近年来,国家投入大量资金用于既有采暖居住建筑节能改造工作,主要是增强了建筑物围护结构的保温性能,并对采暖系统实行分户热计量改造。但是,并没有对采暖系统能效进行综合考量,从而不能得知其改造后是否节能,保温效果是否得到提高。针对以上问题,本文提出对于改造完成后的既有采暖居住建筑,选取典型建筑在其采暖周内期进行相关采暖数据的监测,通过真实数据来说明改造后的建筑保温效果是否得到提高。因此,本课题立足于实际应用,结合目前采暖系统常用的热计量技术,研究在采暖季对既有采暖居住建筑进行数据监测的可行性方案,并运用网络技术,以ARM处理器为核心的硬件平台为基础,设计了既有采暖居住建筑节能改造能效监测系统。既有采暖居住建筑节能改造能效监测系统分为三层网络结构,分别是现场计量层、数据采集层和信息管理层。本课题的研究设计工作主要集中在现场计量层的设备选型、数据采集层的硬件和软件设计。首先,确定测评内容,确定采集参数及采集周期,确定监测技术路线,根据应用需求分析确定系统功能;接着,完成数据采集器硬件电路设计,主要结合课题需求相应地进行电源电路、RS-485电路、串口电路和GPRS模块的设计;然后,在Linux系统下完成数据采集器软件开发,给出具体流程图及程序代码;最后,根据能效监测系统需求相应地设计了主数据库,通过在实验室环境下搭建能效监测系统平台,完成系统关键功能的测试,并在采暖季进入现场监测,给出了数据分析。本课题主要针对改造完成后的既有采暖居住建筑进行能效监测,通过现场测试实现了既有采暖居住建筑在整个采暖季的可在线监测,可以有效地获取整个采暖季的原始数据,将原始数据通过能效测评计算公式得出能效数据,从而对改造效果进行测评,同时也为后续既有采暖居住建筑门、窗等相关的改造工作提供经验储备。
[Abstract]:The new building area is increasing year by year in our country, and the building energy consumption is increasing day by day, its consumption speed is far larger than the energy growth speed, the building energy consumption has become one of the three "energy users" in our country, therefore, the construction energy consumption has become one of the three "energy users" in our country. It is urgent to carry out the work of building energy saving. Among them, existing residential buildings in heating areas are the main components of building energy consumption in China, and are also the focus of building energy conservation work at the present stage. In recent years, the state has invested a large amount of funds in the energy saving renovation of existing heating residential buildings, mainly to enhance the insulation performance of the building enclosure structure, and to carry out the household heat metering reform of the heating system. However, there is no comprehensive consideration on the energy efficiency of heating system, so it is impossible to know whether it can save energy and improve the effect of heat preservation. In view of the above problems, this paper proposes to select typical buildings to monitor the relevant heating data during the heating period of the existing heating residential buildings after the renovation. Through the real data to explain whether the reconstruction of the building insulation effect has been improved. Therefore, this subject is based on the practical application, combined with the heat metering technology commonly used in the heating system at present, studies the feasible scheme of the data monitoring of the existing heating residential buildings in the heating season, and uses the network technology. Based on the hardware platform of ARM processor, the energy efficiency monitoring system for existing heating residential buildings is designed. The energy efficiency monitoring system of existing heating residential buildings is divided into three layers: field metering layer, data acquisition layer and information management layer. The research and design of this subject mainly focus on the equipment selection of the field measurement layer, the hardware and software design of the data acquisition layer. First of all, to determine the content of the evaluation, to determine the collection parameters and collection cycle, to determine the monitoring technical route, according to the application needs analysis to determine the system functions; then, to complete the hardware circuit design of the data acquisition device, According to the demand of the project, the author designs the RS-485 circuit, serial port circuit and GPRS module of the power supply circuit. Then, the software development of the data collector is completed under the Linux system, and the concrete flow chart and the program code are given. According to the requirements of energy efficiency monitoring system, the main database is designed accordingly. The platform of energy efficiency monitoring system is set up in the laboratory environment, the key functions of the system are tested, and the data analysis is given in the field monitoring in the heating season. This subject mainly aims at the energy efficiency monitoring of the existing heating residential buildings after the transformation, and realizes the on-line monitoring of the existing heating residential buildings during the whole heating season through the field test, which can effectively obtain the original data of the whole heating season. The energy efficiency data can be obtained from the original data through the formula of energy efficiency evaluation, so as to evaluate the effect of the transformation, and also provide experience reserves for the subsequent renovation work related to the existing heating residential buildings, such as doors, windows, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU832;TU111.195

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