寒地屋顶花园植被冬夏两季热舒适度效应研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 05:31

本文选题：微气候 + 热舒适度　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：高速的城镇化建设引发很多城市环境问题,例如热岛效应,景观要素的微气候调节上的应用逐渐引起学术界的关注。建造屋顶花园成为解决这一问题的主要方法之一。屋顶花园环境的热舒适性对城市户外公共活动空间的发展具有积极且重要意义。本文选取哈尔滨市工业大学第二校区寒地建筑科学与工程研究中心三层的屋顶花园,采用实地测量与数据对比分析的方法,探讨屋顶花园植被树种与种植方式对热舒适度的影响,旨在为更好的选择适宜严寒地域屋顶花园种植的植被树种提供相关依据。首先,相关基础研究。明晰哈尔滨市季节特点;对寒地屋顶花园的植被树种选择、种植方式、植被绿化形式等多种因素均会对热舒适度产生一定影响,说明了植被树种对热舒适度有调节作用。其次,展开实地测量。结合植被树种选择、种植方式、植被绿化形式的典型性,选取屋顶花园的的五个测试点作为实测目标,筛选出具有代表性的寒地屋顶花园5种常用植被树种:八宝景天、石竹、金叶榆、紫萼玉簪、青扦云杉;测量时间分别在夏季(8月)和冬季(11月),各为期3天,在早晨8:00~17:00,间隔时间分别为1分钟和30分钟;在夏季分别测量五种单株植被树种的微气候日变化状况,冬季测量地被植被的微气候日变化状况。测试内容主要包括空气温度、湿度、风速、太阳辐射强度四个微气候因子,模拟整合出热舒适度PET指标。最后,实测数据分析。(1)分析了冬季和夏季两季屋顶花园中不同植被树种对微气候因子中温度、湿度、风速、太阳辐射以及热舒适度(生理等效温度PET)的调节程度,为冬夏两季热舒适度优化,提供对应的树种选择;(2)采用SPSS数据系统软件分析植被树种树高、冠幅、冠层密度、树冠距离等因子和微气候因子的相关性,阐释说明植被树种生物形态学特性与热舒适度间的紧密联系;(3)剖析了夏季哈尔滨屋顶花园植被树种对微气候因子中温度、湿度、风速、太阳辐射以及热舒适度(生理等效温度PET)的影响调节程度,对比了种植不同植被树种对热舒适度的影响,以探求对人体舒适度最为适宜的植被树种。
[Abstract]:The rapid urbanization has caused many urban environmental problems, such as the heat island effect, the application of landscape elements in the microclimate regulation has gradually attracted the attention of the academic community. Building a roof garden is one of the main ways to solve this problem. The thermal comfort of roof garden environment has positive and important significance for the development of urban outdoor public activity space. In this paper, the roof garden on the third floor of the Cold region Architecture Science and Engineering Research Center, the second campus of Harbin University of Technology, is selected, and the method of field measurement and data comparison and analysis is adopted. The effects of tree species and planting methods on thermal comfort of roof garden were discussed in order to provide relevant basis for better selection of vegetation species suitable for roof garden planting in severe cold areas. First of all, related basic research. The seasonal characteristics of Harbin City, the selection of vegetation tree species, planting mode and vegetation greening form of roof garden in cold region will affect the thermal comfort to some extent, which shows that the vegetation species can regulate the thermal comfort degree. Secondly, the field measurement is carried out. Combined with the selection of vegetation tree species, planting methods and typical vegetation greening forms, five test points of roof garden were selected as the measured targets, and five common vegetation species were selected as representative vegetation tree species in the cold region roof garden: Pabaojingtian, Carnation, and so on. The measured time was 3 days in summer (August) and winter (November), and the interval was 1 minute and 30 minutes in the morning at 8: 00 and 17: 00, respectively. The diurnal variation of microclimate of five individual vegetation species was measured in summer and the diurnal variation of microclimate of ground cover vegetation in winter. Four microclimatic factors, air temperature, humidity, wind speed and solar radiation intensity, are included in the test. The thermal comfort PET index is simulated and integrated. Finally, the measured data are analyzed in winter and summer to analyze the adjustment degree of different vegetation species to microclimatic factors, such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, solar radiation and thermal comfort (physiological equivalent temperature PET). In order to optimize the thermal comfort of winter and summer, the corresponding tree species were selected. The SPSS data system was used to analyze the correlation between the tree height, crown width, canopy density, crown distance and microclimatic factors. Explaining the close relationship between Biomorphological characteristics and Thermal comfort of vegetation Tree species. (3) analyzing the effect of vegetation species on temperature, humidity and wind speed in summer in Harbin rooftop garden. The effects of solar radiation and thermal comfort (physiological equivalent temperature PET) on thermal comfort were compared in order to find the most suitable vegetation species for human body comfort.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU985.12;TU111

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