仿生建筑结构合理性及节能性研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 02:11

本文选题：仿生建筑 + 树状结构　；参考：《西安科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：仿生建筑是一种贴近自然、符合科学规律的建筑形式。因其设计巧妙、外观独特、结构合理及节约能源等优势,在当今耗能巨大、资源短缺及污染严重的社会中被广泛应用。因此,对仿生建筑结构合理性与节能性进行研究,对建设人类向往的美好家园,具有重大的引领意义及应用价值。本文从仿生建筑的结构体系入手,通过查阅已有研究文献及实地调研,归纳总结各种结构类型的仿生建筑,得出仿生建筑的结构类型与使用功能密切相关。其中,树状结构主要应用于交通运输建筑,膜结构主要应用于体育建筑及小型交通建筑,薄壳结构主要应用于展览建筑等。为了分析仿生建筑的结构合理性及节能性,本文选用ANSYS软件,以树状建筑西安北客站为依托,设计普通柱和一、二、三级分叉柱四种不同方案对结构的合理性及节能性进行模拟对比分析,得出选用二级分叉柱的结构更合理,节能性更好。而在工程设计中,为避免树状柱分叉过多导致内力值增大应尽量少采用三级分叉树状柱;又以薄壳仿生建筑西安博物院为依托,从不同厚度、不同角度及不同材料三方面对结构的合理性及节能性进行模拟对比分析,得出选用140mm厚呈水平状的薄壳建筑的结构更合理,节能性更好。而在工程设计中为了避免因偶然因素出现结构内力值变大而增加结构的不安全性,应尽量少采用??60-30角度的薄壳结构方案。为了更深入的研究仿生建筑的整体节能效果,本文从膜结构的独特性出发,对单双层膜结构进行计算对比分析后,又以膜结构“水立方”建筑为例,运用DeST-c软件对其进行能耗模拟分析,并设置了三种模型方案,将其与实际建筑进行模拟对比分析。研究表明:“水立方”工程的节能性更好,说明外墙选用膜材料对整体建筑的节能性影响更大。综上所述,仿生建筑具有外形美观、结构合理及节能环保等特点,它的独特优势以及新型节能技术的采用,对今后仿生建筑的设计与建造具有一定的应用价值,前景广阔,应大力推广。
[Abstract]:Bionic architecture is a kind of architectural form which is close to nature and accords with the law of science. Because of its ingenious design, unique appearance, reasonable structure and energy saving, it is widely used in the society where energy consumption is huge, resources are short and pollution is serious. Therefore, the research on the rationality and energy saving of bionic architecture has great guiding significance and application value to the construction of the beautiful home that mankind yearns for. This paper starts with the structure system of bionic architecture, through consulting the existing research literature and field investigation, summarizes the bionic architecture of various structural types, and concludes that the structure type of bionic architecture is closely related to the use function. Among them, tree structure is mainly used in transportation building, membrane structure is mainly used in sports building and small traffic building, thin shell structure is mainly used in exhibition building and so on. In order to analyze the structural rationality and energy saving of the bionic building, this paper chooses ANSYS software, based on the tree building Xi'an North passenger Station, to design the common column and the first and second columns. The rationality and energy saving of the structure are simulated and compared with four different schemes of the three-stage bifurcation column. It is concluded that the structure of the two-stage bifurcation column is more reasonable and the energy saving property is better. In engineering design, in order to avoid the increase of internal force caused by excessive bifurcation of tree columns, the third order tree columns should be used as little as possible, and the thin shell bionic building Xi'an Museum should be relied on from different thickness. The rationality and energy saving of the structure are simulated and analyzed from different angles and different materials. It is concluded that the structure of thin shell building with 140mm thickness and horizontal shape is more reasonable and energy saving is better. In engineering design, in order to avoid increasing the structural insecurity due to the increase of structural internal force due to accidental factors, the thin shell structure with an angle of 60 to 30 should be used as little as possible. In order to study the whole energy saving effect of bionic building more deeply, this paper starts from the uniqueness of the membrane structure, carries on the calculation contrast analysis to the single and double layer membrane structure, and takes the membrane structure "water cube" building as an example. DeST-c software is used to simulate and analyze the energy consumption, and three models are set up, which are compared with the actual buildings. The results show that the "Water Cube" project has better energy efficiency, which indicates that the use of membrane materials on the exterior wall has a greater impact on the energy saving of the whole building. To sum up, bionic architecture has the characteristics of beautiful appearance, reasonable structure and energy-saving and environmental protection. Its unique advantages and the adoption of new energy-saving technology have certain application value and broad prospect for the design and construction of bionic architecture in the future. Great efforts should be made to promote it.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU318

【参考文献】