临深基坑建筑物安全性鉴定与评估方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 17:26

本文选题：安全性鉴定 + 评估　；参考：《西安工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：建筑物在服役期间,人们最关心的问题是结构本身的安全性,建筑结构实际所具有的安全性与设计、建造时形成的先天条件密切相关,同时也离不开其后期的正确使用与维护。现阶段的城市建设中,经常会出现既有建筑物临近基坑施工的情况,建筑物不可避免地受到基坑施工的影响,由此而引发的纠纷更是层出不穷。为此有必要对此类建筑的安全性鉴定与评估方法进行研究,及时对该类建筑进行鉴定,确保建筑物的安全使用。本文以受基坑施工影响的砖混结构为主要研究对象,目的在于通过对结构自身性能进行研究,采用现场检测、数据分析和建模验算这一系列流程对临深基坑建筑物的安全性进行综合评定,对建筑物所存在的安全隐患提出处理措施和建议。在深入学习了当前既有结构的安全性鉴定评估理论和结构现场检测技术的基础上,结合工程实例对所研究的内容加以应用,本文主要做了以下方面的研究:1)首先对结构现场检测的程序进行了介绍,并在提高现场检测精度方面,从统计学的角度出发,对抽样检测的样本容量进行了优化和完善,同时对检测数据的异常值,给出了一种验证方法进行检验,针对砖混结构的特点,对其现场检测的内容进行了研究。2)其次在现有研究的基础上,学习了既有结构安全性鉴定评估的理论基础,探讨了结构力学分析与校核时的基本原则、荷载标准值及材料强度标准值的确定方法,提出安全性鉴定应与抗震鉴定相结合;介绍了基坑施工影响区域的划分方法,并对临近建筑安全鉴定时的相关调查内容进行了阐述。3)根据民用建筑安全性鉴定的层次划分和工作步骤,重点研究了既有砖混结构的安全性综合评定方法,分别对构件、子单元、鉴定单元的评定方法进行了研究,针对地基基础子单元现有评定标准的不足,对其部分评定指标进行了量化,提高了鉴定工作的效率。4)最后结合具体的工程实例对前述的研究成果加以运用,通过详细的现场检测,得到了建筑物的结构布置、构造情况、裂缝分布、沉降变形现状、材料强度等性能信息。在实测信息的基础上,利用PKPM结构分析软件中的JDJG模块对结构的整体承载力进行了验算分析,根据分析数据结合其他检测结果,对建筑物的整体安全性进行评定,得出了建筑物的安全等级,根据评定结果对建筑物所存在的安全问题提出处理措施和建议。
[Abstract]:During the period of building service, people are most concerned about the safety of the structure itself. The safety of the building structure is closely related to the design and the congenital conditions formed during the construction, and the correct use and maintenance of the structure is inseparable from its later period. In the present stage of urban construction, the existing buildings often appear near the foundation pit construction, the buildings are inevitably affected by the foundation pit construction, and the disputes caused by it are even more and more endless. Therefore, it is necessary to study the safety appraisal and evaluation method of this kind of building, and to ensure the safe use of this kind of building in time. In this paper, the brick-concrete structure affected by foundation pit construction is taken as the main research object, the purpose of this paper is to study the performance of the structure itself and to adopt on-site inspection. Data analysis and modeling verification are a series of procedures for comprehensive evaluation of the safety of buildings in deep excavation, and some measures and suggestions are put forward to deal with the hidden safety problems existing in the buildings. Based on the deep study of the existing structure safety appraisal theory and the structure field detection technology, the research content is applied to the engineering example. In this paper, we mainly do the following research: (1) first of all, we introduce the program of structure field detection, and in improving the accuracy of field detection, we optimize and perfect the sample size of sampling test from the point of view of statistics. At the same time, a verification method is given to test the outliers of the detected data. According to the characteristics of brick and concrete structure, the content of field inspection is studied. 2) secondly, based on the existing research, This paper studies the theoretical basis of safety assessment of existing structures, discusses the basic principles of structural mechanics analysis and checking, the method of determining the standard values of load and material strength, and puts forward that the safety evaluation should be combined with seismic identification. This paper introduces the method of dividing the affected area of foundation pit construction, and expounds the related investigation contents when the construction safety appraisal is near. 3) according to the hierarchy division and working steps of civil building safety appraisal, The comprehensive assessment methods of existing brick and concrete structures are studied, and the evaluation methods of components, sub-units and appraisal units are studied respectively, aiming at the shortcomings of the existing evaluation standards for subunits of foundation and foundation. Some of the evaluation indexes are quantified, and the efficiency of the appraisal work is improved. Finally, combined with concrete engineering examples, the above-mentioned research results are applied. Through detailed on-site inspection, the structure layout and construction situation of the building are obtained. Crack distribution, settlement and deformation status, material strength and other performance information. Based on the measured information, the overall bearing capacity of the structure is calculated and analyzed by using the JDJG module in the PKPM structure analysis software. According to the analysis data and other test results, the overall safety of the building is evaluated. The safety grade of the building is obtained, and the measures and suggestions are put forward according to the evaluation results to deal with the safety problems existing in the building.
【学位授予单位】：西安工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU317

【参考文献】