太阳能相变蓄热耦合空气源热泵系统性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 02:54

本文选题：太阳能 + 相变蓄热　；参考：《河北工程大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：面对日益严峻的环境危机以及能源短缺的危机,暖通行业对清洁新能源的开发、利用以及技术进行了深入的研究。太阳能作为清洁能源在采暖系统中应用已经相当成熟,并取得了经济和环保的双赢。为充分利用新能源,减少一次能源的浪费、延长设备的使用寿命,相变蓄热技术在暖通行业已经慢慢兴起。由于地源热泵长期运行受困因素逐渐很多,并且也会对地层的温度产生影响,所以近几年空气源热泵的应用慢慢扩大。但空气源热泵系统现今急需解决的问题是其在低温环境中运行效率较低、机组停启频繁、机组使用寿命短。为改善空气源机组效率和使用年限,本文对太阳能相变蓄热耦合空气源热泵系统进行了实验研究。太阳能相变蓄热耦合空气源热泵系统是通过太阳能真空玻璃管集热器吸收太阳辐射出来的太阳能并将其储存在相变蓄热水箱中或与空气源热泵相结合同时用于供暖。该系统的控制策略为:空气源热泵机组独立运行能满足所需热量时,相变蓄热水箱将多余的热量和太阳能辐射能进行储存;当外界环境温度过低时,空气源热泵不能独立完成所需热量时,太阳能相变蓄热耦合空气源热泵系统运行,太阳辐射量充足的情况下,多余的热量会被存储;若空气源热泵侧有凝霜时,太阳能将一部热量用于提高蒸发器侧的温度,克服凝霜现象的出现。通过实验验证与软件模拟的方法对该系统中相变材料进行了研究分析。本文的主要内容有:1)介绍了耦合新系统提出的背景,国内外关于太阳能、相变蓄热、空气源热泵的研究现状与相应的技术水平,并指出现有研究中存在的不足之处,并对涉及的概念、计算公式以及应用的主要部件进行了理论详述。2)介绍了研究对象的工程概况和实验台搭建,对相变材料的选取和蓄热水箱的设计以及其他组成设备的计算和选择依据进行阐述3)通过比较空气源热泵单独运行和耦合系统运行两种供暖模式,分析系统和机组的性能系数,验证系统最优控制策略的正确性。4)基于前人所建立的相变蓄热模型,对空气源热泵单独运行和耦合系统运行过程中蓄热棒的蓄热过程进行了模拟分析,研究了相变蓄热材料的蓄热特性。研究结果表明:太阳能相变蓄热耦合空气源热泵系统能够满足多种工况的运行需要,通过对COP值得比较以及对室内温度的监测,得出该系统不但可以满足室内温度的要求,对于延长机组的寿命也有很大的帮助。此外,相对于独立的太阳能供暖系统而言,耦合系统的安装空间大大减小了。
[Abstract]:Facing the increasingly severe environmental crisis and the crisis of energy shortage, HVAC industry has carried out in-depth research on the development, utilization and technology of clean new energy. Solar energy as a clean energy in the application of heating systems has been quite mature, and has achieved a win-win economic and environmental protection. In order to make full use of new energy, reduce the waste of primary energy and prolong the service life of equipment, phase change heat storage technology has been rising slowly in HVAC industry. The application of air source heat pump (GSHP) has been gradually expanded in recent years because there are a lot of trapped factors in the ground source heat pump (GSHP) for a long time and it will also have an effect on the formation temperature. However, the air source heat pump system needs to be solved urgently because of its low efficiency in low temperature environment, frequent shutdown and short service life of air source heat pump system. In order to improve the efficiency and service life of air source units, the solar phase change heat storage coupled air source heat pump system is experimentally studied in this paper. Solar phase change heat storage coupled air source heat pump system is a solar vacuum glass collector which absorbs solar energy from solar radiation and stores it in phase change storage tank or combined with air source heat pump for heating. The control strategy of the system is as follows: when the air source heat pump unit can operate independently to meet the required heat, the phase change storage tank stores the excess heat and solar radiation energy, and when the ambient temperature is too low, When the air source heat pump can not complete the required heat independently, the solar energy phase change regenerative heat storage coupled air source heat pump system will be operated. When the solar radiation is sufficient, the excess heat will be stored; if there is frost on the side of the air source heat pump, Solar energy uses a piece of heat to raise the temperature of the evaporator side to overcome the frost phenomenon. The phase change materials in the system are studied and analyzed by means of experimental verification and software simulation. The main contents of this paper are: (1) introduce the background of the new coupling system, the research status and the corresponding technical level of solar energy, phase change heat storage, air source heat pump at home and abroad, and point out the shortcomings of the existing research. At the same time, the concept, calculation formula and main parts of application are described in detail in theory. 2) the engineering survey of the research object and the construction of the experiment bench are introduced. The selection of phase change materials, the design of storage tank and the calculation and selection basis of other components are expounded. 3) by comparing the two heating modes of air source heat pump operating alone and coupling system, the performance coefficients of the system and the unit are analyzed. The correctness of the optimal control strategy of the system. 4) based on the phase change heat storage model established by the predecessors, the heat storage process of the air source heat pump is simulated and analyzed during the operation of the air source heat pump alone and the coupled system. The heat storage characteristics of phase change thermal storage materials are studied. The results show that the solar phase change heat storage coupled air source heat pump system can meet the needs of various operating conditions. Through the comparison of COP and the monitoring of indoor temperature, it is concluded that the system can not only meet the requirements of indoor temperature. For the extension of the life of the unit also has a lot of help. In addition, the installation space of the coupling system is greatly reduced compared with the independent solar heating system.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU83

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