工程车辆座椅垂直振动及其对人体影响的试验研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 03:00

本文选题：工程车辆 + 垂直振动　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：工程车辆作为矿山、水利、道路桥梁和城市现代化建设中主要的装备,在国民经济发展中占有至关重要地位。工程车辆属于非道路车辆,其工作环境较为恶劣,地面状况复杂,驾驶人员在工作中受到车辆传递的载荷冲击大,振动剧烈。而工程车辆垂向振动作为一种主要的振动来源,不仅会对驾驶员造成生理和心理上不适,影响工作效率和安全,而且对长期驾驶工程车辆的人员会造成身体脊椎等部位的危害,严重影响驾驶员的身体健康。论文结合国家自然科学基金项目“工程机械座椅系统多维非线性隔振技术研究”,对工程车辆座椅垂直振动及其对人体影响进行理论和试验研究。根据国际标准ISO2631中关于人体承受全身振动研究成果及评价,以及工程车辆实际工况,建立工程车辆工作环境下,人体振动评价体系及人体损伤标准。根据评价振动座椅国际标准ISO 7096:2000《土方机械司机座椅振动的试验室评价》以及我国标准化委员会颁发的GB/T 8419-2007和GB/T 18707.1-2002/ISO 10326:1992《机械振动评价车辆座椅振动的试验室方法》等相关标准,设计制造可以实现工程车辆座椅在试验室环境中进行试验的振动试验平台。建立了坐姿人体两自由度、三自由度和四自由度动力学模型,结合假人模型和振动试验方法,推导了不同自由度模型的视在质量、驱动点机械阻抗以及头部-座椅传递函数,结合限宽白噪声激励下假人垂直振动试验,可以求解得到假人垂直振动模型中的参数。利用座椅振动试验平台对假人进行模拟工程车辆实际工况垂直振动试验。根据国际标准ISO 7096:2000和国家标准GB/T 8419-2007关于各类工程车辆座椅输入振动分类及规定,对座椅施加不同谱类垂直方向激励信号模拟履带式推土机、装载机以及铲运机等工况,通过安装于假人头部和腰部的加速度传感器,以及座椅面传感器检测人体模型各部位响应,得到了工程车辆典型工况下人体振动情况,并对舒适性进行了评价。本文对工程车辆座椅垂直振动及其对人体影响的试验研究工作,为工程车辆舒适性设计和评价提供了参考。
[Abstract]:As the main equipment of mine, water conservancy, road bridge and city modernization, engineering vehicle plays an important role in the development of national economy. Engineering vehicle belongs to non-road vehicle, its working environment is relatively bad, the ground condition is complex, the driver is greatly impacted by the load transmitted by the vehicle in the work, and the vibration is violent. As a main source of vibration, the vertical vibration of engineering vehicles will not only cause physical and psychological discomfort to the driver, affect the efficiency and safety of work, but also cause harm to the person driving the engineering vehicle for a long time, such as the body, spine, etc. The driver's health is seriously affected. Based on the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China "Multi-dimensional nonlinear Vibration isolation Technology of Construction Machinery seat system", this paper makes theoretical and experimental research on vertical vibration of seat and its influence on human body of engineering vehicle. According to the research results and evaluation of human body bearing whole body vibration in international standard ISO2631, and the actual working condition of engineering vehicle, the evaluation system of human body vibration and the standard of human body damage under the working environment of engineering vehicle are established. According to ISO 7096: 2000, "Laboratory Evaluation of seat Vibration of Earth-moving Machinery drivers" and GB/T 8419-2007 and GB/T 18707.1-2002/ISO 10326: 1992 issued by China's Standardization Committee, relevant standards such as "Laboratory methods for evaluating vehicle seat Vibration by Mechanical Vibration", etc. The design and manufacture of vibration test platform for engineering vehicle seats can be carried out in laboratory environment. The dynamic models of two degrees of freedom, three degrees of freedom and four degrees of freedom of human body in sitting posture are established. Combined with dummy model and vibration test method, the apparent mass, mechanical impedance of driving point and head-seat transfer function of different degree of freedom models are derived. The parameters of the vertical vibration model of dummy can be obtained by combining with the vertical vibration test of the dummy under the excitation of limited white noise. The vertical vibration test of simulated engineering vehicle was carried out by using seat vibration test platform. According to the international standard ISO 7096: 2000 and the national standard GB/T 8419-2007 on the classification and regulation of seat input vibration of various kinds of engineering vehicles, different spectrum vertical excitation signals are applied to the seats to simulate the working conditions such as crawler bulldozer, loader and scraper, etc. Through the acceleration sensors installed in the head and waist of the dummy, and the seat surface sensor, the response of various parts of the human body model is measured, and the vibration of the human body under typical working conditions of the construction vehicle is obtained, and the comfort of the vehicle is evaluated. In this paper, the vertical vibration of construction vehicle seat and its influence on human body are studied, which provides a reference for the design and evaluation of vehicle comfort.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU603

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