城市内涝防治技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 13:42

本文选题：城市内涝 + 城市排水系统　；参考：《西安工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国因暴雨造成城市内涝的新闻屡见不鲜,大多数城市不断经受着城市内涝所带来的巨大痛苦,城市内涝不仅给社会带来了严重的经济财产损失,更给人民百姓的生活带来了极大的不便。显然,内涝灾害已经逐渐成为我国最为严重的自然灾害之一,因此城市内涝防治技术的研究已经迫在眉睫,为缓解城市内涝现象的频繁发生,本文对以下内容进行研究。论文从人为原因和自然原因两个大方面分析了我国城市内涝发生的主要原因及其特点,其中,自然原因主要为生态污染带来的极端暴雨天气的频发,人为原因则包括人类活动对自然环境的破坏、城市化进程的加快对城市地面的负面影响及城市排水系统的设计仍存在问题几个方面。论文的研究建立在城市规划设计规范的基础上,分析了城市排水管道在设计方面存在的问题,针对城市下穿隧道逢雨必涝、积水严重的现象,分析得到影响城市下穿隧道积水深度的主要因素为隧道引道段的坡度及坡长,并根据实例分析提出相应建议。在对SWMM模型进行介绍后,论文基于SWMM软件以城市某特定区域为研究对象,模拟几种不同重现期下研究区域内的暴雨洪水过程,主要内容包括在发生暴雨时,研究区域内主要排水管道和节点的超载情况等,并分析其模拟结果。此外,论文还举例分析了短历时强降雨和长历时弱降雨两种不同情况的降雨情况并进行对比,其中主要包括城市地面的积水情况及研究区域内排水管道和节点的超载情况,得到与长历时弱降雨事件相比,短历时的强降雨更不利于城市的排水。论文在最后提出了一些缓解城市内涝的措施,主要包括适当增大排水管道管径、提高地面的透水性、选择摩擦力小的管材以及一些施工养护措施,这些措施的实行还要根据实际施工条件及经济状况进行适当调整,并将改进后研究区域的管道和节点超载情况于改进前进行对比,改进后可适当提高城市的防洪排涝能力,为城市的抗涝工作提供一定的参考依据。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the news of the urban waterlogging caused by rainstorm in our country is not uncommon. Most cities are suffering from the huge pain brought by the urban waterlogging. The urban waterlogging not only brings serious economic property losses to the society, but also brings great inconvenience to the lives of the people. It is obvious that the waterlogging disaster has gradually become the most important in our country. In order to alleviate the frequent occurrence of urban waterlogging, the following contents are studied in this paper. The main causes and characteristics of waterlogging in urban areas in China are analyzed from two aspects of human and natural reasons, including the main reasons for natural causes. The frequent occurrence of extreme rainstorm weather caused by ecological pollution is caused by human activities, including the destruction of human activities to the natural environment, the negative impact of urbanization process on the urban ground and the design of urban drainage system. The research of this paper is based on the city planning and design norms and analyzes the city. There are problems in the design of city drainage pipeline. The main factors affecting the depth of the water accumulation in the tunnel under the tunnel are the slope and the length of the tunnel, and the corresponding suggestions are put forward according to the case analysis. After introducing the SWMM model, the paper is based on the SWMM software. Taking a particular area of the city as the research object, the rainstorm and flood process in the study area under several different recurrence periods is simulated. The main contents include the overloading of the main drainage pipes and nodes in the area and the analysis of the simulation results. In addition, the paper also analyzes the short duration strong rainfall and the long duration weak drop. The rainfall in two different conditions is compared, including the water accumulation in the urban ground and the overloading of the drainage pipes and nodes in the study area. Compared with the long duration weak rainfall events, the short diachronic rainfall is more unfavorable to the urban drainage. In the end, some measures to alleviate the urban waterlogging are proposed. It mainly includes the proper enlargement of the pipe diameter of the drainage pipeline, the improvement of the water permeability of the ground, the selection of small friction pipe material and some construction maintenance measures. The implementation of these measures should be properly adjusted according to the actual construction conditions and economic conditions, and the improvement of the pipeline and node overloading situation of the improved research area is compared before the improvement, and the improvement is made. After that, the flood control and drainage capacity of the city can be appropriately raised, so as to provide some references for the city's waterlogging prevention work.
【学位授予单位】：西安工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU992

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