消能楼梯间减震性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 11:57

本文选题：楼梯 + 楼梯间　；参考：《广州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：消能楼梯间是一种新型楼梯间构造,其通过减震楼梯和阻尼填充墙同时消除了梯板的支撑效应和填充墙对结构产生的过强刚度效应及约束效应,提高了楼梯间的抗震性能,保障了楼梯间在地震中的正常使用。本文对消能楼梯间的减震性能,构造、设计参数对其减震性能的影响,带消能楼梯间框架结构抗震性能,消能楼梯间的设计方法、相关构造等进行研究,主要内容如下:采用有限元软件对消能楼梯间、普通楼梯间、滑动楼梯间3种楼梯间进行单调静力加载,对比分析其受力特点与性能差异,研究消能楼梯间的减震性能。结果表明,消能楼梯间通过减震楼梯、阻尼填充墙消除了楼梯的支撑效应、填充墙的刚度和约束效应,楼梯构件、填充墙的受力大为降低,得到很好的保护;消能楼梯间全面改善了框架结构楼梯间的传力机制,避免了楼梯、填充墙对楼梯间框架梁、柱的受力性能造成不利的影响。对3种减震支座设置方案及梯板下端为滑动支座共4种不同楼梯支座构造的消能楼梯间进行有限元分析,对比研究不同楼梯支座构造的消能楼梯间的减震性能。结果表明,滑动支座、减震支座均可有效消除梯板支撑效应,对梯板起到很好的保护作用;与滑动支座相比,设置减震支座可改善楼梯间的屈服情况,延长楼梯间的屈服位移,同时提供一定的竖向刚度,减小梯板的竖向抖动及位移,保证地震作用下梯板的稳定性;3种减震支座设置方案均能很好地发挥减震支座的滞回耗能效果,耗散一定的地震能量。设计了18个不同设计参数的消能楼梯间分析模型,研究了阻尼填充墙厚度等5个参数对消能楼梯间减震性能的影响及规律。结果表明,阻尼填充墙厚度、砌体抗压强度对消能楼梯间的减震性能影响较小;阻尼层剪切强度的增大,将增大消能楼梯间的初始刚度、峰值荷载、砌体单元的应力,减小消能楼梯间的屈服位移,建议应用中采用剪切强度较低的阻尼层材料;随着剪切模量的增大,减震支座滞回曲线逐渐上扬,刚度增大,滞回曲线的包络面积逐渐增大,同时梯板的竖向位移亦逐渐减小,建议应用中减震支座采用剪切模量0.5MPa以上的黏弹性层材料;大轴压比下消能楼梯间的滞回曲线较不饱满,滞回环面积变小,滞回耗能性能较差。采用SAP2000、PERFORM-3D有限元软件建立了带消能楼梯间框架结构、带普通楼梯间框架结构、带滑动楼梯间框架结构和空框架结构共4个模型,对各模型进行多遇地震作用、罕遇地震作用下的地震响应对比分析,对比研究带消能楼梯间框架结构的抗震性能。结果表明,消能楼梯间可为结构提供良好的耗能效果,消耗一定的地震输入能量,有效减小了结构楼层剪力、层间位移角等,较好地提高了结构的抗震性能。结合规范和楼梯构造图集,提出了消能楼梯间在框架结构中的设计方法,介绍了消能楼梯间在实际应用中的具体构造,总结了消能楼梯间的施工及构造要求。
[Abstract]:The staircase of energy dissipation is a new type of staircase structure, which eliminates the support effect of the ladder and the excessive stiffness and constraint effects on the structure by the damping staircase and the damping filling wall. It improves the seismic performance of the staircase and ensures the normal use of the staircase in the earthquake. The effects of performance, structure and design parameters on its shock absorption performance, seismic performance of staircase structure with energy dissipation, design method of staircase for energy dissipation, and related structures are studied. The main contents are as follows: the static loading of 3 staircases with energy dissipation staircase, ordinary staircase and sliding staircase is carried out by finite element software, and it is compared and analyzed. The vibration damping performance of staircase with energy dissipation is studied. The results show that the staircase with damping staircase and damping filling wall eliminate the support effect of staircase, the stiffness and restraining effect of filling wall, the force of staircase components and filling wall are greatly reduced, and the staircase is well protected; the staircase of energy dissipation has improved the frame knot in an all-round way. The force mechanism of staircase avoids the adverse effects of staircase and filling wall on the force performance of staircase frame beam and column. The finite element analysis of 3 kinds of damping support setting and the staircase with 4 different staircase support structures at the bottom of the ladder is analyzed, and the energy dissipation staircase with different staircase support structures is compared. The results show that the sliding support and damping support can effectively eliminate the supporting effect of the ladder plate, and play a very good protective effect on the ladder. Compared with the sliding bearing, setting the damping support can improve the yield of the staircase, prolong the yield displacement of the staircase, provide a certain vertical stiffness at the same time, and reduce the vertical jitter of the ladder plate. And the displacement to ensure the stability of the ladder plate under the action of the earthquake. The 3 kinds of damping support setting scheme can give full play to the hysteretic energy dissipation effect and dissipate a certain seismic energy. The energy dissipation staircase analysis model of 18 different design parameters is designed, and the damping capacity of the staircase with the damping filling wall thickness and other 5 parameters is studied. The results show that the thickness of the damped wall and the compressive strength of the masonry have little effect on the damping property of the staircase, and the increase of the shear strength of the damping layer will increase the initial stiffness of the staircase, the peak load, the stress of the masonry unit and the yield displacement between the staircase of the energy dissipator, and suggest that the shear strength is adopted in the application. With the increase of the shear modulus, the hysteretic curve of the damping bearing gradually rises, the stiffness increases, the envelope area of the hysteresis curve increases gradually, and the vertical displacement of the ladder is gradually reduced. It is suggested that the viscoelastic layer of the shear modulus above 0.5MPa is adopted in the application of the damping support, and the stagnation between the staircase under the large axial compression ratio and the staircase under the large axial compression ratio. The back curve is less full, the area of hysteresis loop is smaller and the hysteretic energy dissipation performance is poor. Using SAP2000 and PERFORM-3D finite element software, the staircase frame structure with energy dissipation is established, with the common staircase frame structure, the sliding staircase frame structure and the empty frame structure are 4 models. The seismic response of the staircase with energy dissipation is compared and analyzed. The results show that the energy dissipation staircase can provide good energy dissipation effect, consume certain seismic input energy, effectively reduce the structure floor shear, interlayer displacement angle and so on, which can improve the seismic performance of the structure well. The atlas of ladder structure puts forward the design method of energy dissipation staircase in frame structure, introduces the concrete structure of energy dissipation staircase in practical application, and summarizes the construction and construction requirements of staircase for energy dissipation.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU352.1

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