基于系统动力学的建设项目全寿命周期成本控制研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 16:41

本文选题：建设项目成本控制 + 全寿命周期成本　；参考：《广州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：建筑业是我国社会经济的重要组成部分,关系着我国社会经济发展水平的提高和民生的改善。随着我国社会建设发展速度的不断提高,使得建设项目管理工作已经从单一管理向着综合、全过程的管理发展,管理的思想也从单一简单的认识模式逐步上升至系统、综合、自成一体和科学的体系。建筑业的发展同样也将进入一个全新阶段—全寿命周期的精细化管理阶段。建设项目成本管理一直都是建设项目管理中的重点,因此作为建设项目管理的核心,建设项目成本的盈亏会直接关系到建设项目的经济管理成果和企业的实际利润。这就要求建筑业企业必需改变旧的管理体制,积极采取先进的管理模式,进一步提高自身的成本管理水平,以提高企业的市场竞争能力,以争取获得更大的利润。而现今的建设项目成本控制仍依靠传统的管理方式,处在经验(非理性)化、粗放化的层次。已经远远不能满足现今高速增长的建筑业。建设项目成本精细化、系统化管理是必要有效的改进方式之一。将系统动力学方法整合在全寿命周期建设项目成本控制的方法体系内,为业主在建设项目成本控制的实践提供指导,帮助和指导业主有效的控制建设项目的成本,优化资本配置,提高资本利用效率,使投资项目更好的达到预期目标。分析建设项目全寿命周期成本控制及系统动力学在成本控制上的应用研究的国内外研究现状,发现全寿命周期成本控制是实现项目成本最优的一种系统管理方法,而系统动力学是从战略层面系统解决问题的管理工具。重点研究了建设项目全寿命周期成本控制和系统动力理论的基本原理,确定将建设项目全寿命周期划分为建设前期、实施和后期运营等三个阶段,同时确定了各阶段成本的构成。确定了系统动力研究建设项目成本控制的基本步骤。在此基础上,分析了各阶段的成本影响因素的因果关系,确立因果关系图。同时分析各阶段之间的影响关系,建立各阶段之间的影响关系图。以实际项目基础数据为依托,将上述因果关系按照系统动力学建模的方式进行量化分析,建立建设项目成本控制系统动力学模型。以现有的实际工程基础数据为依据,对建立的模型进行测试分析后发现模型是可行、有效的。将拟建项目的基础数据带入模型进行仿真模拟后发现:建设项目成本的影响因素复杂多样,且影响程度各不相同,经研究认为管理措施的改进会大幅度影响成本的变化。因此,借鉴企业财务管理内部控制的理论和方法,从战略层面提出以下管理措施:建设战略层面的项目成本管理组织结构;制定系统的成本控制措施;再造成本业务的组织流程;规范学习型组织类型下的人员的招聘培养流程等四个方面的建议,以期促进建设项目成本管理水平的提高,提高资本利用效率。
[Abstract]:Construction industry is an important part of China's social economy, which is related to the improvement of the level of social and economic development and the improvement of people's livelihood. With the development of social construction in China, the construction project management has been developed from a single management to a comprehensive, the whole process of management development, management thinking has gradually risen from a single simple understanding model to the system, comprehensive. A self-contained and scientific system. The development of the construction industry will also enter a new stage-life-cycle refinement management phase. Construction project cost management has always been the focus of construction project management. Therefore, as the core of construction project management, the profit and loss of construction project cost will directly relate to the economic management results of construction project and the actual profit of enterprise. This requires the construction enterprises to change the old management system, actively adopt the advanced management model, further improve their own cost management level, in order to improve the market competitiveness of enterprises, in order to achieve greater profits. Nowadays, the cost control of construction project still depends on the traditional management mode, which is at the level of experience (irrational) and extensive. It is far from being able to meet the current high-speed growth of the construction industry. The cost of construction project is fine, systematic management is one of the necessary and effective ways to improve. The system dynamics method is integrated into the whole life cycle construction project cost control method system, which provides the guidance for the owner in the construction project cost control practice, helps and instructs the owner to control the construction project cost effectively, Optimize the allocation of capital, improve the efficiency of capital use, so that the investment projects better achieve the desired objectives. This paper analyzes the current situation of research on the application of life cycle cost control and system dynamics to cost control at home and abroad. It is found that life cycle cost control is a system management method to realize the optimal project cost. System dynamics is a management tool for solving problems at the strategic level. The basic principles of life-cycle cost control and system dynamic theory of construction project are studied emphatically, and the whole life cycle of construction project is divided into three stages: pre-construction, implementation and later operation. At the same time, the cost composition of each stage is determined. The basic steps of cost control of system dynamic research and construction project are determined. On the basis of this, the causality of cost influencing factors in each stage is analyzed, and the causality graph is established. At the same time, the influence relation between each stage is analyzed, and the diagram of the influence relation between each stage is established. Based on the actual project data, the above causality is quantitatively analyzed according to the system dynamics modeling method, and the dynamic model of the construction project cost control system is established. Based on the actual engineering data, it is found that the model is feasible and effective after testing and analyzing the established model. The basic data of the proposed project are brought into the model for simulation and simulation. It is found that the influence factors of the cost of the construction project are complex and diverse, and the degree of influence is different. It is considered that the improvement of the management measures will greatly affect the change of the cost. Therefore, draw lessons from the theory and method of internal control of enterprise financial management, put forward the following management measures from the strategic level: to build the organizational structure of project cost management at the strategic level, to formulate systematic cost control measures; In order to improve the cost management level of construction projects and improve the efficiency of capital utilization, the organizational process of reengineering cost business and standardizing the recruitment and training process of personnel under the type of learning organization are proposed.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.92

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