基于Pushover的多层砌体抗震能力简化评价方法初步研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 23:28

本文选题：多层砌体房屋 + 抗震鉴定　；参考：《中国地震局工程力学研究所》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国现有建筑中,多层砌体房屋占居住建筑的比重较大。2008年汶川地震和2010年玉树地震的震害经验均表明,地震中多层砌体房屋的倒塌破坏造成了严重的人员伤亡和经济损失。因此对我国现存的砌体房屋进行抗震能力鉴定,判定其现有的抗震能力,进而采取抗震加固或修护等保障措施显得尤为重要。目前我国通用的建筑抗震鉴定方法主要依靠《建筑抗震鉴定标准》(GB50023-2009),该标准对多层砌体房屋分两级鉴定,第一级进行抗震构造措施鉴定,第二级进行抗震验算[34]。这种方法的不足之处在于:我国抗震鉴定标准是地震专家根据实际震害经验给出的一个较大范围,评估耗时长且有较大冗余度,对建筑物实际能够承受多大的地震作用并没有定量化的评价体系。本文对多层砌体房屋的抗震能力评估不再依据鉴定标准采取分级鉴定,而是将多层砌体房屋抗震能力的影响因素综合到抗力比简化公式中,用抗力比公式表示结构整体抗震性能,通过Pushover分析和其他定量修正系数对该抗力比公式进行修正,得到最后的修正公式,能够达到快速鉴定的目的。论文主要完成了以下工作:1.对砌体结构的结构特点作了简要的概述,从震害经验中总结出多层砌体房屋的震害特征,归纳了砌体结构抗震性能的影响因素。通过《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB50011-2010)中的底部剪力法计算出楼层所受的地震剪力,再通过简化的墙体抗剪承载力公式计算出楼层的抗震能力,两者之比为抗力比简化公式。2.本文只改变抗力比公式中的层数和墙厚这两个自变量,建立ABAQUS有限元模型,对砌体结构模型进行静力弹塑性分析,通过能力谱法和其他定量修正系数对该抗力比公式进行修正,得到最后的修正公式。3.最后选取包头西地震和汶川地震中的震害实例,分别采用现行抗震鉴定方法和本文的鉴定方法分别进行鉴定,对比实际震害结果,论证本文定量评估多层砌体房屋抗震性能方法的可靠性。
[Abstract]:The earthquake damage experience of 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and 2010 Yushu earthquake shows that the collapse of multi-story masonry buildings caused serious casualties and economic losses. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate the seismic capacity of existing masonry buildings in our country, to judge their existing seismic capacity, and then to take measures such as seismic reinforcement or repair. At present, the commonly used building seismic identification method in China mainly depends on the Building Seismic Appraisal Standard (GB50023-2009). The standard is divided into two levels for multi-story masonry buildings, the first stage is used for seismic structural measures appraisal, and the second stage is used for seismic checking calculation [34]. The disadvantage of this method lies in that the seismic identification standard of our country is a large range given by seismic experts according to the actual earthquake damage experience, and the evaluation time is long and the degree of redundancy is large. There is no quantitative evaluation system for how much seismic action the building can withstand. In this paper, the seismic capacity assessment of multistory masonry buildings is no longer graded according to the appraisal standard, but the influencing factors of seismic capacity of multistory masonry buildings are integrated into the simplified formula of resistance ratio. The formula of resistance ratio is used to express the overall seismic performance of the structure. The formula of resistance ratio is modified by pushover analysis and other quantitative correction coefficients, and the final modified formula is obtained, which can achieve the purpose of rapid identification. The thesis has accomplished the following work: 1: 1. The structural characteristics of masonry structures are briefly summarized, the seismic damage characteristics of multi-story masonry buildings are summarized from the earthquake damage experience, and the influencing factors of seismic performance of masonry structures are summarized. The seismic shear force of the floor is calculated by the bottom shear method in the Code for Seismic Design of buildings (GB50011-2010), and the seismic capacity of the floor is calculated by the simplified formula of the shear capacity of the wall, the ratio of which is the simplified formula of resistance ratio. In this paper, only two independent variables, the layer number and the wall thickness in the formula of resistance ratio, are changed, the Abaqus finite element model is established, the static elastic-plastic analysis of the masonry structure model is carried out, and the resistance ratio formula is modified by the capacity spectrum method and other quantitative correction coefficients. Get the final revised formula. 3. Finally, the examples of earthquake damage in Baotou West earthquake and Wenchuan earthquake are selected, and the current seismic identification method and the identification method in this paper are used to identify the actual earthquake damage results, respectively. The reliability of the method for quantitative evaluation of seismic performance of multistory masonry buildings is demonstrated in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：中国地震局工程力学研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU364;TU352.11

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