徽州传统民居木构架技艺研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 14:08

本文选题：徽州 + 传统民居　；参考：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国传统建筑以木构架为主要结构体系已有数千年的历史传承,徽州传统民居作为中国传统建筑中的一朵奇葩,以其独特的审美、优秀的民间技艺和古老的文化遗存,辐射和影响南方大片区域,其村落人居环境的营造、单体和群体建筑所承载的地域文化内涵在中国传统建筑史上占有十分重要的位置。但是徽州传统民居木构架作为游离于以“抬梁式”等大式建筑构架研究为正宗之外的地方小式“穿斗架”,其木构架类型、构架和构件的历史演变与地域特征、平面和构架的设计构成手法以及营造技艺的研究一直存在着严重的不足。所以本论文以实地调研为基础,通过勘察测绘大量古建筑实例,首先梳理了徽州地区明清时期传统民居的平面发展和构架演变,并结合空间对平面中的主体建筑的木构架类型进行分类。其次,就徽州穿斗架中独具地域特色的节点和构件进行分析,以期将其纳入历史的语境中做动态的对比,总结得出徽州穿斗架技艺的时代特征、构件的历史演变并作类型划分。最后从徽州穿斗架的营造角度出发,通过比较类推就建筑尺度、模数和构架设计进行推导和总结,以期还原徽州独具地域特色的设计手法;并通过工匠访谈的形式,就徽州大木匠师现状和相关技艺进行记录,从而将形而上的“道”和形而下的“器”相结合,为更好的研究和保护徽州传统民居贡献微薄之力。
[Abstract]:The main structure system of Chinese traditional architecture has been inherited for thousands of years. As a wonderful flower in Chinese traditional architecture, Huizhou traditional residence has its unique aesthetic, excellent folk skills and ancient cultural relics. Radiating and influencing a large area in the south, the construction of human settlement environment in villages and the regional cultural connotations carried by individual and group buildings occupy a very important position in the history of Chinese traditional architecture. However, the wooden frame of the traditional Huizhou dwelling house, as a small "bucket frame" outside of the study of "lifting beam" and other large architectural structures, is the historical evolution and regional characteristics of the wood frame type, frame and component. There have been serious deficiencies in the design techniques and techniques of plane and frame design. So this paper based on the field research, through surveying and mapping a large number of ancient architectural examples, first of all combing the traditional residential area in the Ming and Qing dynasties in Huizhou area, the plane development and the evolution of the framework. The wood frame type of the main building in the plane is classified with space. Secondly, the paper analyzes the nodes and components with unique regional characteristics in Huizhou Dou frame, in order to bring them into the historical context to make a dynamic comparison, and concludes the characteristics of the times, the historical evolution of the components and the classification of the components. Finally, from the angle of building Huizhou bucket frame, through comparison and analogy, the paper deduces and summarizes the architectural scale, modulus and frame design, in order to restore the unique regional characteristics of Huizhou design techniques, and through the form of artisans interview. This paper records the present situation and related skills of the great carpenter in Huizhou, thus combining the metaphysical "Tao" with the "instrument" in the lower form, thus contributing to the better research and protection of the traditional Huizhou residence.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU241.5

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