甘肃省临夏市八坊民居建筑装饰研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 15:26

本文选题：八坊十三巷 + 建筑装饰　；参考：《西北民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：临夏古称"河州",是古老黄河文化早期发祥地之一,它以"马家窑文化"闻名中外,是著名的"建筑之乡"。多元文化在这里交汇、融合,形成了临夏地区独特的地域文化,作为地域文化重要组成部分的民居建筑,在多种文化的碰撞融合中,形成了其独具特色的建筑文化。临夏八坊古民居是历史上逐步形成的,至今保留较为完整的古民居街区,尤其是八坊内的十三巷古民居街巷保留较为完整,特色鲜明。八坊十三巷古民居是适应西北地域环境,延承中国北方民居特色的民居建筑,但由于受到伊斯兰文化和西北自然环境的影响,其建筑装饰风格、建筑空间布局、建筑营造技术、建筑材料等和北方其它地区的传统民居具有明显的差异性。八坊十三巷古民居建筑多以四合院为主,大多为土木结构的建筑形式。由于街区聚居的人群多为信奉伊斯兰教的回族,他们的居住环境建设虽然也深受中国传统文化的影响,但诸如民间宅院以"风水"来确定选址、朝向、大门开口、院落布局等的习俗等在这里并不十分看重,八坊十三巷的四合院建设主要依据其在街巷的所处地形位置,建筑布局变化自由,建筑空间灵活多变,其建筑装饰形式(如砖雕、木雕、彩绘等)更是与北方其它地区的建筑装饰风格相比,有着独特的地域特色。这些建筑装饰艺术中包含有许许多多高超的民间工艺技艺,从中也可以窥探出这一聚居区内长久形成的民俗文化,伦理文化、宗教文化的发展变化。这是今天我们研究八坊十三巷古民居建筑装饰的价值所在,也是本文试图要研究挖掘的主要内容。
[Abstract]:Linxia ancient name "Hezhou", is one of the ancient Yellow River culture birthplace, it is famous for "Majiayao culture", is the famous "architectural hometown". Multiculturalism intersects and merges here, forming the unique regional culture of Linxia region. As an important part of regional culture, the residential architecture forms its unique architectural culture in the collision and fusion of various cultures. The ancient residential houses of Bafang in Linxia are gradually formed in history. So far, the relatively complete ancient residential blocks have been retained, especially the 13 alleys in the Bafang, which are relatively complete and have distinct characteristics. The ancient folk houses in Bafang13 Xiang adapt to the regional environment in the northwest and inherit the characteristics of the houses in the north of China. However, due to the influence of Islamic culture and the natural environment of the northwest, the architectural decoration style, the layout of the architectural space, the architectural construction technology, There are obvious differences between the building materials and the traditional houses in other areas of the north. Eight-square 13-lane ancient residential buildings to Siheyuan mainly, mostly civil structure of the building form. Because most of the people living in the neighborhoods are Muslim Hui people, although their living environment is also greatly influenced by Chinese traditional culture, such as folk houses, they use "feng shui" to determine the location, orientation, and opening of the gate. The customs of yard layout and so on are not very important here. The construction of the courtyard in eight lanes and thirteen alleys is mainly based on the terrain position of the courtyard, the layout of the building is free to change, the architectural space is flexible and changeable, and the architectural decoration forms (such as brick carving, etc.) Wood carving, painting, etc.) is compared with other northern areas of architectural decoration style, with unique regional characteristics. These architectural decorative arts contain a lot of superb folk craftsmanship, from which we can also find out the development and change of folk culture, ethical culture and religious culture which have been formed for a long time in this area. This is the value of our research on the architectural decoration of ancient residential buildings in Bafang and Thirteen alleys, and is also the main content of this paper to study and excavate.
【学位授予单位】：西北民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU241

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