山东寒冷地区机关办公建筑能耗定额及碳排放量的研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 09:26

本文选题：机关办公建筑 + 能耗调研　；参考：《山东建筑大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着第三产业的发展,能源紧缺和环境污染问题日趋严重,能源的过度损耗已经成为21世纪人们面临的首要难题。工业、交通、建筑共同构成了社会能源消耗主体,其中,建筑能耗尤其是公共建筑能耗所占比重呈现出快速增长趋势。2014年,我国建筑能源消耗总量在全球来看,位居第二,仅次于美国。可见,从建筑行业节能着手尤为重要。机关办公建筑能耗作为公共建筑总能耗的重要构成部分,节能潜力较大,按照我国国情,完善其能耗定额体系是实现机关办公建筑节能减排的有效途径。本课题采用不等比例分类抽样调查的方法,对山东省内17个设区市的机关办公建筑进行了实地能耗调研,调研工作从2015年7月开始,共调研了1356栋机关办公建筑,调研内容为机关办公建筑的基本信息和2012-2014三年内建筑实际运行的年能耗。建筑能耗定额研究的最终目的是制定能耗定额指标值。本文从北方寒冷地区能耗分布特征和调研数据准确度的角度出发,以山东省为例,最终制定供暖能耗、建筑总能耗(除去供暖能耗的建筑能耗)、建筑总能耗(冬夏季均采用空调供暖供冷情况下的建筑总能耗)三种能耗指标值;每一类指标又根据约束水平的不同制定约束值和先进值。能耗定额制定的思路清晰而实际过程又比较复杂。首先,依据数理统计原理,对调研的能耗数据进行统计分析,根据拉依达准则等数学方法处理数据,同时采用定额水平法确定统计定额;然后,以某机关办公建筑为标准建筑,利用DeST能耗模拟软件进行模拟计算分项能耗,得到技术定额。最后采用统计定额和技术定额相互印证的方法,确定各设区市机关办公建筑能耗定额值。建筑能耗及碳排放量息息相关,节能和减排密不可分。能耗定额的研究是从总量控制的角度出发,同样,我国的建筑碳排放也进入总量控制阶段。本课题基于建筑全生命周期理论,结合实例给出了建筑运行阶段的碳排放量计算方法;并基于制定的机关办公建筑能耗定额给出了相应的碳定额;最后针对机关办公建筑全生命周期内各个阶段存在的问题提出节能减排策略,为寒冷地区机关办公建筑节能减排提供技术支持。
[Abstract]:With the development of tertiary industry, energy shortage and environmental pollution are becoming more and more serious. Industry, transportation and construction together constitute the main body of social energy consumption. Among them, the proportion of building energy consumption, especially the energy consumption of public buildings, has shown a rapid growth trend. In 2014, the total energy consumption of construction in China ranked second in the world. Second only to the United States. Visible, from the construction industry energy-saving start is particularly important. Office building energy consumption as an important component of the total energy consumption of public buildings, energy conservation potential is great, according to the situation of China, improve its energy consumption quota system is an effective way to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction of office buildings. In this paper, the energy consumption of office buildings in 17 districts and cities in Shandong Province has been investigated by using the method of unequal scale classification sampling survey. From July 2015, 1356 office buildings have been investigated. The contents of the investigation are the basic information of office buildings and the annual energy consumption of the buildings in three years. The ultimate purpose of the study of building energy consumption quota is to establish the index value of energy consumption quota. From the point of view of distribution characteristics of energy consumption and accuracy of investigation data in cold regions of northern China, this paper takes Shandong Province as an example and finally formulates heating energy consumption. The total building energy consumption (excluding the building energy consumption of heating energy consumption) and the total building energy consumption (the total building energy consumption under the condition of air conditioning heating and cooling in winter and summer) three kinds of energy consumption index value; Each kind of index formulates the constraint value and the advanced value according to the different constraint level. The idea of setting energy consumption quota is clear and the actual process is complex. First of all, according to the principle of mathematical statistics, the energy consumption data of the investigation are statistically analyzed, and the data are processed according to the mathematical methods such as the Laida criterion. At the same time, the statistical quota is determined by the quota level method; then, the office buildings of a certain organ are taken as the standard buildings. The item energy consumption is simulated and calculated by using the rest energy consumption simulation software, and the technical quota is obtained. Finally, the energy consumption quota of office buildings is determined by the method of mutual confirmation between statistical quota and technical quota. Building energy consumption and carbon emissions are closely related, energy conservation and emission reduction are inseparable. The research of energy consumption quota is from the angle of total quantity control, similarly, the carbon emission of building in our country also enters the total quantity control stage. Based on the theory of the whole life cycle of building, the paper gives the calculation method of carbon emission in the operation stage of the building, and gives the corresponding carbon quota based on the energy consumption quota of the office building. Finally, aiming at the problems in the whole life cycle of the office building, the paper puts forward the strategy of energy saving and emission reduction, which provides technical support for the energy saving and emission reduction of the office building in the cold area.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU111.195;TU243

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