大名县近代基督教建筑研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 18:36

本文选题：近代建筑 + 基督教　；参考：《河北工程大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：基督教文化在中国的传播过程最早可以追溯到唐初,直至17世纪明末清初才逐渐得到发展,在西方宗教文化传播过程中宗教建筑也得到发展。基督教为了适应当时的中国历史环境和吸引教徒,其建筑形式在中国也历经几个发展阶段,早期基督教建筑多采用中国民居、寺庙等中国传统建筑形式建造,发展到1840—1900年这一期间西方宗教建筑形式成为中国基督教建筑的主要形式,多沿用西方传统基督教教堂建制。进入20世纪,开始了将中国传统建筑形式与西方宗教建筑形式的融合,在西方宗教建筑形式上逐渐融入了中国元素,形成了中国特有基督教建筑形式。大名县位于河北省东南部,冀鲁豫三省交界处,曾为直隶首府,史称大名府。大名县基督教会源于十九世纪中叶清同治元年(1862年)。先后在大名县设立了教堂、修道院,兴办学校、医院、孤儿院等多处建筑。大名县基督教建筑也基本遵循中国基督教建筑发展模式,它为大名古城留下了宝贵的建筑文化遗产。本文依据相关资料和文献进行实地调研,将现存的近代基督教建筑进行收集整理,通过对大名县范围内现存近代基督教建筑的调研,发现大名县现存近代基督教建筑的分布相对集中在大名县城,现存的大名县近代基督教建筑有耶稣会小圣堂、宠爱之母大堂、四维中学、宣圣会医院等,现存的近代基督教建筑特征差异明显,建筑的保护状态好坏不等。在此基础上,为了更客观的介绍近代基督教传入大名县的建筑活动状况,将依据初建时的建筑特征进行分期、分类,选取各个历史时期具有代表性的实例,根据建筑的历史脉络、建筑布局、建筑特征和结构技术进行分析之后重新将它们放回到大名县范围内对比研究,从而对整个大名县近代基督教建筑有了较为客观和准确的把握。在此基础上就近代基督教建筑对当地建筑及社会文化的影响展开阐述,并从历史、文化和科技三方面对其进行了价值分析。在文章的最后,对现存近代基督教建筑的生存与发展问题提出保护与利用的建议。通过对大名县近代基督教建筑的研究,可以有助于了解中西文化相融合的深层意义,加深对整个中国近代建筑历史立体轮廓的认知,为使大名县古城旅游发展提供新的思路,以及为此类建筑的保护利用提供有效历史资料,为新建筑的创作提供详实理论依据。
[Abstract]:The spreading process of Christian culture in China can be traced back to the beginning of Tang Dynasty until the end of the 17th century and the beginning of Ming and Qing dynasties. In order to adapt to the historical environment of China and attract Christians, Christianity experienced several stages of development in China. The early Christian buildings were mostly built in the form of Chinese folk houses, temples and other Chinese traditional buildings. During the period of 1840-1900, the form of western religious architecture became the main form of Chinese Christian architecture. In the 20th century, the combination of Chinese traditional architectural form and western religious architectural form began, and gradually incorporated Chinese elements into the western religious architectural form, forming the unique Chinese Christian architectural form. Daming County is located in the southeast of Hebei Province, the junction of Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces, once the capital of Zhili, the history of Daming Fu. The Church of Christ in Daming County originated from the first year of Tongzhi in the middle of the nineteenth century (1862). In Daming County has set up churches, monasteries, schools, hospitals, orphanages and many other buildings. The Christian architecture of Daming County also basically follows the development mode of Chinese Christian architecture, which leaves a valuable architectural cultural heritage for the ancient city of Daming. Based on the relevant data and literature, this paper collects and arranges the existing modern Christian architecture, through the investigation of the existing modern Christian architecture in the scope of Daming County. It is found that the distribution of the existing modern Christian buildings in Daming County is relatively concentrated in the Daming County. The existing modern Christian buildings in Daming County include the Jesuit Church, the beloved Mother's Hall, the Siwei Middle School, the Xuanshen Hospital, and so on. There are obvious differences in the characteristics of modern Christian architecture, and the protection of architecture is not good or bad. On this basis, in order to introduce more objectively the construction activities of modern Christianity introduced into Daming County, it will be divided into stages, classified and selected representative examples of each historical period according to the architectural characteristics of the initial construction. According to the historical context of architecture, architectural layout, architectural characteristics and structural technology analysis and re-put them back to the scope of the comparative study of Daming County, so as to the whole Daming County modern Christian architecture has a more objective and accurate grasp. On this basis, this paper expounds the influence of modern Christian architecture on local architecture and social culture, and analyzes its value from three aspects: history, culture and science and technology. At the end of the article, some suggestions on protection and utilization of the existence and development of modern Christian architecture are put forward. Through the study of modern Christian architecture in Daming County, it can be helpful to understand the deep meaning of the integration of Chinese and Western cultures, deepen the understanding of the three-dimensional outline of the history of modern Chinese architecture, and provide a new way of thinking for the tourism development of the ancient city of Daming County. It also provides effective historical data for the protection and utilization of this kind of buildings and provides detailed theoretical basis for the creation of new buildings.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU252

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