地下管道挖掘机切削刀盘、刀具的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-07-06 17:50

本文选题：地下管道挖掘机 + 刀盘　；参考：《长春工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国城市化进程的加快,基础设施的不断完善,对地下空间利用率的要求也不断提高,燃气、供排水管路在地下布置越来越密集,但目前布置管线的方法依然采用明挖法,导致路面破坏、交通堵塞、环境污染等问题,因此非开挖技术受到内外相关行业和政府的关注。目前存在的非开挖设备有盾构机、顶管机以及水平导向钻机,但都有各自的适用范围。因此提出一种新型的小口径地下管道挖掘机,该设备主要由刀盘切削系统、渣土输送系统、驱动和控制系统组成。刀盘切削系统是地下管道挖掘机的执行系统,在掘进过程中,刀盘所需要的驱动载荷直接影响驱动装置和后续系统的结构尺寸。因此本文对切削刀盘刀具进行设计与研究,主要目的是通过对切削刀盘、刀具的设计与研究,减少刀盘所需要的驱动载荷,解决小口径地下管道挖掘机结构紧凑导致对驱动结构尺寸受限的问题。本文首先对刀盘和刀具进行设计与研究,通过静态和动态仿真分析,确定最佳的刀盘面板结构和使刀具切削力最小的刀具参数和切削参数。其次对刀具布置方法进行研究,提出一种基于单费马螺线的刀具布置方法,建立基于阿基米德螺线和基于单费马螺线的三维模型。结合土力学理论建立刀盘推力和扭矩的简化理论估算模型,对两种不同布置方式的刀盘进行推力和扭矩计算,通过计算得到单费马螺线布置方式的刀盘的总推力和总驱动扭矩较小。最后通过有限元的数值分析方法,采用最佳的刀具参数和切削参数,对基于单费马螺线和基于阿基米德螺旋线刀具布置方法的刀盘进行仿真分析,仿真结果表明基于单费马螺线布置方法的刀盘驱动扭矩最小,证明提出的新的刀具布置方法可以实现减小刀盘载荷的目的,为小口径的非开挖设备的刀盘设计提供参考。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous improvement of infrastructure in China, the demand for utilization of underground space is also increasing. Gas, water supply and drainage pipelines are more and more densely arranged underground, but at present, the method of pipeline layout still adopts the method of open excavation. It leads to road damage, traffic jam, environmental pollution and so on, so non-excavation technology is concerned by domestic and foreign industry and government. The existing trenchless equipments include shield machine, pipe jacking machine and horizontal steering drill, but they all have their own application scope. Therefore, a new type of small caliber underground pipeline excavator is proposed, which is mainly composed of cutter cutting system, residue conveying system, driving and control system. Cutter head cutting system is the execution system of underground pipeline excavator. In the process of tunneling, the driving load required by the cutter head directly affects the structure size of the drive device and subsequent system. In this paper, the design and research of cutting cutters are carried out, and the main purpose is to reduce the driving load of cutters through the design and research of cutting cutters and cutters. To solve the problem that the compact structure of the small caliber underground pipeline excavator leads to the restriction of the size of the drive structure. In this paper, the design and research of cutter head and cutter are carried out at first. Through static and dynamic simulation and analysis, the optimum structure of cutter face plate and the tool parameters and cutting parameters that make the cutting force minimum are determined. Secondly, a tool layout method based on single Fermat helix is proposed, and a 3D model based on Archimedes spiral and single Fermat spiral is established. Combined with soil mechanics theory, a simplified theoretical estimation model of the thrust and torque of the cutter head is established, and the thrust and torque of the two kinds of cutters with different arrangement are calculated. The total thrust and driving torque of the cutter head with single Fermat spiral arrangement are smaller. Finally, by using the finite element numerical analysis method and adopting the best tool parameters and cutting parameters, the cutter head based on the single Fermat spiral and the Archimedes helical tool arrangement method is simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the driving torque of the cutter head based on the single Fermat spiral arrangement method is the minimum. It is proved that the new tool arrangement method can reduce the load of the cutter head and provide a reference for the design of the cutter head of the small caliber non-excavated equipment.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU621

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