我国乡村社区营造的规划师等第三方主体的行为策略——以江苏省句容市茅山陈庄为例

发布时间：2018-07-11 09:33

本文选题：乡村社区营造 + 行为策略　；参考：《现代城市研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：在各地积极探索城乡统筹发展道路的背景下,各类旨在复兴乡村发展活力并以社区营造为核心的新"乡建"试验兴起。以江苏句容市茅山陈庄的社区营造过程为例,在剖析乡镇政府和村民对乡村改造态度和参与特征的基础上,探讨规划师等第三方主体的应对策略。研究发现,社区营造既面临着村民有强烈参与需求却缺乏地方政府自上而下的"赋权"与支持的问题;又面临着村民在个体有利可图的参与过程中过度追求个体利益、出现不遵守参与规则等无序参与问题以及在乡村公共事务上参与不足两者并存的困境。因而,乡村社区营造既需要第三方(规划师)改变以往的技术精英的角色定位,通过信息赋权和教育赋权建立有效的社区参与工作机制,增强社区对于乡村建设过程的影响力,并构建起政府、村民和第三方主体三者协同配合的机制;更要求第三方赋予村民参与乡村建设的责任,建立整合集成的工作机制,整合社区需求、协调与引导村民参与行为,并通过资源供给协助社区实现改进项目。尽管非政府组织的广泛介入可能代替政府的部分作用,乡村社区营造依旧离不开地方政府的支持和配合,需要政府、社区村民与第三方力量形成协同效应。
[Abstract]:Under the background of actively exploring the way of urban and rural development, all kinds of new "rural construction" experiments, which are aimed at reviving the vitality of rural development and taking community building as the core, are emerging. Taking the process of community building in Maoshan Chenzhuang, Jurong City, Jiangsu Province as an example, on the basis of analyzing the attitude and participation characteristics of township government and villagers towards rural reconstruction, this paper probes into the countermeasures of the third party subjects such as planners. The study found that community building not only faces the problem of villagers' strong participation needs but lack of local government's "empowerment" and support from top to bottom, but also faces the villagers' excessive pursuit of individual interests in the process of individual profitable participation. The problems of disorderly participation, such as disobeying the rules of participation, and lack of participation in rural public affairs coexist. Therefore, the rural community construction needs the third party (planners) to change the role orientation of the former technical elite, to establish effective community participation mechanism through information empowerment and education empowerment, and to enhance the influence of the community on the rural construction process. The third party should give villagers the responsibility to participate in rural construction, establish integrated working mechanism, integrate community needs, coordinate and guide villagers' participation behavior. And through the supply of resources to assist the community to achieve improvement projects. Although the extensive involvement of non-governmental organizations may replace part of the role of the government, rural community construction is still inseparable from the support and cooperation of local governments, and needs the government, community villagers and third-party forces to form a synergistic effect.
【作者单位】：中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所;
【基金】：中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS计划)项目“长江三角洲乡村转型发展与清洁水环境建设(编号:KFJ-SW-STS-174)”资助成果
【分类号】：TU982.29

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