沙河市王硇村传统聚落与民居研究

发布时间：2018-07-23 14:02

【摘要】：中国历史悠久,地大物博,文物遗产种类繁多,遍及祖国大江南北。太行山一带传统聚落与民居以其鲜明的地域特征、传统的建筑风貌、古朴的民俗风情闻名于世,成为中国传统文化遗产的重要组成部分。王硇村古民居融合了四川、冀南两地的建筑特色,风格独特,先后被评为中国历史文化名村、中国传统古村落、中国最具魅力休闲乡村,是一笔保存完好的物质财富和精神财富。本文以沙河市王硇村传统聚落与民居为研究对象,基于建筑学及城市规划学基本理论总结了王硇村传统聚落与民居中聚落、建筑、平面与空间、立面与造型、结构与技术等方面的特征,与此同时融入地理学、民族学、人文社科学等学科的思想,采用文献资料分析法、实地调研法、分析比较法对王硇村进行了更为深入的研究,找出了王硇村作为南北融合的聚落与民居在所处地域中与其它传统聚落的共性与个性,进步与不足,为我国传统聚落与民居的传承与保护提供现实依据。首先,通过对国内外传统聚落与民居研究成果的整理与总结,了解该领域的研究现状及研究背景。其次,通过实地调研考察,深入走访,详细论述了当地的风土人文环境、选址规划特点、道路肌理、功能与空间布局、院落的空间布局、民居的立面与造型及当地营造技术特点,并分别剖析总结了该聚落与民居特征的成因及特色。最后,通过研究得出王硇村传统聚落一个以血缘关系为纽带的血缘村,拥有褚红色的建筑群风貌和如马蹄状的聚落形态。其传统民居出现了“碉楼”、“东南缺”的建筑形式,并且在院落组合上开创了“暗门相通”的连接方式。王硇村传统聚落是一定自然环境与人文环境相互融合的展现,是特定地域和特定时代背景下的产物,拥有独特的历史环境、鲜明的地域特征与聚落形态,其民居建筑无论是选材、院落组合方式、立面造型还是营建技术都具有很高的历史、文化、建筑艺术价值。传统聚落与民居是凝聚了几百年甚至几千年、数辈人的心血和智慧的精华,作者希望能从传统聚落与民居的研究中得到启发,为现代建筑创作提供可以借鉴的思路,为传统聚落与民居的保护与发展提供一定的参考。
[Abstract]:China has a long history, vast territory, cultural relics and various kinds of heritage, all over the motherland north and south. The traditional settlements and houses in Taihang Mountain are famous for their distinctive regional features, traditional architectural features and simple folk customs, and have become an important part of Chinese traditional cultural heritage. Wang Naocun's ancient houses, which combine the architectural characteristics and unique styles of Sichuan and southern Hebei, have been appraised as the famous villages of Chinese history and culture, Chinese traditional ancient villages, and the most attractive and leisure villages in China. It is a well-preserved material and spiritual wealth. Based on the basic theories of architecture and urban planning, this paper summarizes the settlement, architecture, plane and space, facades and shapes of traditional settlements and houses in WangNao Village of Shahe City. At the same time, the characteristics of structure and technology are integrated into the thoughts of geography, ethnology, humanities and social sciences. By using the method of literature analysis, field investigation and comparative analysis, Wang Nao Village has been studied more deeply. This paper finds out the commonness and individuality, progress and deficiency of Wang Naocun as the settlement and residence of north and south amalgamation with other traditional settlements, and provides the realistic basis for the inheritance and protection of traditional settlements and houses in our country. First of all, through sorting out and summarizing the research results of traditional settlements and houses at home and abroad, to understand the current research situation and research background in this field. Secondly, through on-the-spot investigation and investigation, in-depth visits, the local cultural environment, location planning characteristics, road texture, function and spatial layout, and the space layout of the courtyard are discussed in detail. The facade and shape of the residence and the technical characteristics of the local construction are analyzed and summarized respectively the causes and characteristics of the settlement and the dwelling. Finally, it is concluded that the traditional settlement of WangNao Village is a blood-related village with red architecture and horseshoe shape. The traditional houses have the architectural form of "blockhouse" and "southeastern shortage", and have created the connection of "secret door to each other" in the compound of courtyard. The traditional settlement of Wang Naocun is a combination of natural environment and human environment. It is the product of a specific region and a specific background of the times. It has a unique historical environment, distinct regional characteristics and settlement forms. Both the selection of materials, courtyard combination, facade modeling and construction technology are of high historical, cultural, architectural and artistic value. The traditional settlements and houses are the essence of the efforts and wisdom of several generations, which have been condensed for hundreds or even thousands of years. The author hopes to be inspired by the research of the traditional settlements and houses, and to provide some ideas for the modern architectural creation. To provide some reference for the protection and development of traditional settlements and houses.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU241.5;TU982.29

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