城市燃气管道火灾承灾体易损性研究

发布时间：2018-08-06 11:41

【摘要】：近年来,城市对燃气消费量的不断增加,燃气管道网络也随着迅猛发展,但同时许多安全事故也随之而来。本研究将易损性的概念引入城市燃气管道火灾研究中,界定城市燃气管道火灾承灾体易损性的定义,构建了易损性评价指标体系,运用GIS技术、AHP和模糊数学评判方法进行城市燃气管道火灾承灾体时空易损性评价,主要进行了以下几部分的研究:(1)对城市燃气管道火灾承灾体易损性评价的相关理论和技术进行了总结。在对比分析主流评价方法的基础上,最终选取AHP层次分析方法与模糊综合评判技术作为研究的核心算法,同时引入GIS的空间分析技术,将管道火灾易损性评估算法融入到GIS的空间分析模型中,通过构建ModelBuilder模型工具,将评估结果以地理信息可视化技术进行展现,使得结果更为形象、直观。(2)在参照易损性评价指标选取原则和方法的基础上,结合城市燃气管道火灾特点构建了易损性研究的评估体系。分别从人员易损性、建筑设施易损性、生态环境易损性和区域的抗灾能力四个方面构建评估准则层,选取人口密度、建筑密度、区域绿化设施密度等14个因子作为评价的指标层。(3)基于已构建的城市燃气管道火灾承灾体易损性评价的指标体系,将AHP和模糊综合评判技术融入到GIS的空间分析建模工具中,构建了自动化的评价模型。以西南石油大学及其邻近区域为例,计算得到实验区燃气管道火灾承灾体易损性的时空分布图。本文构建的城市燃气管道火灾承灾体易损性评价的指标体系与评价方法可以为相关研究提供参考,研究得到的西南石油大学及其周边区域的承灾体时空易损性等级图可以为相关部门的防灾、减灾提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increasing consumption of gas in cities, the gas pipeline network is developing rapidly, but at the same time, many safety accidents follow. In this study, the concept of vulnerability is introduced into the study of urban gas pipeline fire, and the vulnerability of urban gas pipeline fire is defined, and the vulnerability evaluation index system is constructed. Using GIS technology and fuzzy mathematics evaluation method, the space-time vulnerability evaluation of urban gas pipeline fire disaster bearing body is carried out. The main contents are as follows: (1) the theory and technology of vulnerability evaluation of urban gas pipeline fire disaster bearing body are summarized. On the basis of comparing and analyzing the mainstream evaluation methods, AHP hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation are selected as the core algorithms of the research. At the same time, the spatial analysis technology of GIS is introduced. The vulnerability assessment algorithm of pipeline fire is integrated into the spatial analysis model of GIS. By constructing the ModelBuilder model tool, the evaluation results are presented with geographic information visualization technology, which makes the results more visual. (2) on the basis of selecting principles and methods of vulnerability evaluation index, a vulnerability assessment system is constructed based on the characteristics of urban gas pipeline fire. From the aspects of vulnerability of personnel, vulnerability of building facilities, vulnerability of ecological environment and the resilience of the region to disasters, the assessment criteria layer is constructed, and population density and building density are selected. The density of regional greening facilities and other 14 factors are used as index layers for evaluation. (3) based on the established index system of vulnerability evaluation of urban gas pipeline fire disaster bearing body, AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation technology are integrated into the spatial analysis and modeling tool of GIS. An automatic evaluation model is constructed. Taking Southwest Petroleum University and its adjacent areas as an example, the time-space distribution map of the vulnerability of gas pipeline fire disaster bearing bodies in the experimental area is calculated. The index system and evaluation method of vulnerability evaluation of urban gas pipeline fire disaster bearing body constructed in this paper can provide reference for relevant research. The spatio-temporal vulnerability map of the disaster bearing body in Southwest Petroleum University and its surrounding area can be used as a reference for disaster prevention and mitigation of relevant departments.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU996.7;TU998.1

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