排水涵道内可燃气体爆炸试验与仿真模拟研究

发布时间：2018-08-09 17:55

【摘要】：随着城市规模的日益扩大,城镇化水平的发展,城市管网得到了快速的发展,但同时日益增多的人口也给管道维护带来了巨大压力。大量的生活污水、垃圾、粪便排放到管道中,随之也产生了大量的易燃易爆气体,如甲烷、硫化氢等,近年来下水道发生爆炸的事故也是层出不穷,因此,对于排水涵道内可燃气体的爆炸特性规律及排水涵道内的环境因素对可燃气体的爆炸效果影响研究就显得十分重要。目前对于城市排水涵道内可燃气体的成分检测、聚集规律和气体预警方面的研究已十分广泛,对于管道爆炸的研究主要是事故原因的调查分析,爆炸风险的评估,而对管道内产生的可燃气体的爆炸机理和爆炸影响因素的研究还有待提高。本文就管道内的可燃气体的爆炸机理,采用标准的20L爆炸球进行试验研究;同时使用FLACS软件模拟环境因素对排水涵道内可燃气体爆炸效果的作用;得出以下主要结论:(1)排水涵道内主要可燃气体甲烷,在温度为27℃-30℃,常压,50%-70%湿度环境下,爆炸下限为4.1%,在甲烷浓度为9.5%处爆炸威力最大,最大的爆炸压力为0.672 MPa,压力上升速率为112.51 MPa/s。(2)排水涵道内主要气体成分二氧化碳和潮湿环境对甲烷爆炸均有明显的抑制效果。二氧化碳浓度在14%-15%区间时,装置内不再爆炸,只考虑二氧化碳的窒息影响;对压力的减弱作用基本呈线性关系。水环境对压力上升速率和爆炸延迟时间有明显的抑制作用。(3)管道的初始压力和管道内障碍物对混合气体爆炸有明显的促进的作用。
[Abstract]:With the expansion of urban scale and the development of urbanization level, urban pipe network has been rapidly developed, but at the same time, the increasing number of people also brought great pressure to pipeline maintenance. A large amount of domestic sewage, garbage, and feces were discharged into the pipeline, and a large amount of flammable and explosive gas, such as methane and hydrogen sulfide, was also produced in recent years. There are many accidents in the sewer explosion. Therefore, it is very important to study the characteristics of the explosion characteristics of the flammable gas in the drainage culvert and the influence of the environmental factors in the drainage culvert on the explosion effect of the combustible gas. The research on the surface of the pipe explosion is mainly the investigation and analysis of the cause of the accident, the evaluation of the explosion risk, and the research on the explosion mechanism of the flammable gas produced in the pipeline and the influence factors of the explosion. In this paper, the explosion mechanism of the flammable gas in the pipeline is tested by a standard 20L explosion ball. At the same time, FLACS software is used to simulate the effect of environmental factors on the explosion effect of combustible gas in the drainage culvert. The following main conclusions are as follows: (1) the main combustible gas methane in the drainage culvert, under the temperature of 27 C, -30, atmospheric pressure and 50%-70% humidity, the lower limit of the explosion is 4.1%, and the maximum explosion power and the largest explosion at the methane concentration of 9.5%. The explosion pressure is 0.672 MPa, the pressure rise rate is 112.51 MPa/s. (2), the main gas component carbon dioxide in the drainage culvert and the damp environment have obvious inhibition effect on the methane explosion. When the concentration of carbon dioxide is in the 14%-15% interval, the device no longer explode, only considering the influence of the asphyxia of carbon dioxide; the weakening effect of the pressure is basically linear. The water environment has an obvious inhibitory effect on the pressure rise rate and the delay time of the explosion. (3) the initial pressure of the pipe and the obstruction of the pipe have an obvious effect on the explosion of the mixture of gas.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU992

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