基于地铁刷卡数据和问卷调查数据的深圳市过度通勤研究
发布时间：2018-08-10 16:37
【摘要】：随着中国城市化的快速推进,国内大多数城市的建成空间不断扩张,城市居民的职住空间关系发生了显著的变化,城市通勤所引起的问题(长距离通勤、交通拥堵、空气污染)也日益突出。因此,对城市职住物理空间结构和居民现实中的职住空间选择之间的差异和关系进行研究,有利于帮助我们了解城市职住空间失配的程度以及影响因素,并为促进更合理的职住关系提供相应规划依据。本文借鉴国内外过度通勤的理论和实证研究经验,利用深圳地铁刷卡数据来研究深圳市居民通勤的基本空间特征和过度通勤问题,同时选取具备代表性的就业中心-深圳市高新技术产业园区(高新园)作为案例,通过问卷调查来了解影响高新园职工职住空间选择的因素。本文通过地铁数据对深圳市地铁网络所覆盖区域的居民通勤基本空间结构进行描述和分析,并运用White的线性规划方法对深圳市基于地铁刷卡数据的过度通勤率等指标进行了计算。在地铁刷卡数据分析基础上,本文通过问卷调查的形式对高新区职工的职住关系及其影响因素进行了解。分析结果表明,在一个复杂而多样性的城市里,居民的社会经济属性会在很大程度上影响他们对职住空间的选择。因此,政策制定者在研究如何提高通勤效率时并非仅仅是从城市空间结构上注重土地利用的职住平衡,更应该认真考虑引起职住空间失配的深层次原因。本文结合地铁刷卡数据和问卷调查对深圳市的过度通勤和影响因素进行分析,尝试利用“大数据”和“小数据”的优点并有机的进行结合,在数据的运用上具有一定的理论意义,是对过度通勤理论的有益扩展。此外,本文将过度通勤理论应用于实证研究之中,分析深圳市的过度通勤现状及其影响因素,并依此提出相应的建议,为深圳促进更合理的职住关系,引导城市可持续发展提供相应的规划依据,有重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in China, the completed space of most cities in China is expanding, the relationship between urban residents' occupational space and living space has changed significantly, and the problems caused by urban commuting (long-distance commuting, traffic congestion, urban commuting), Air pollution) is also increasingly prominent. Therefore, the study of the difference and relationship between the physical spatial structure of urban vocational residence and the choice of occupation and residence space of residents in reality will help us to understand the degree of mismatch of urban occupational space and the influencing factors. And to promote more reasonable occupation and housing relationship to provide the corresponding planning basis. Based on the theoretical and empirical research experience of excessive commuting at home and abroad, this paper studies the basic spatial characteristics of commuting and the problem of excessive commuting in Shenzhen by using the card data of Shenzhen Metro. At the same time, the representative employment center-Shenzhen Hi-tech Industrial Park (Hi-Tech Park) is selected as a case study to find out the factors that affect the choice of employment space for hi-tech park staff. Based on the subway data, this paper describes and analyzes the basic spatial structure of commuting in the area covered by the subway network in Shenzhen. The method of linear programming of White is used to calculate the over-commute rate of Shenzhen based on the data of card brushing. On the basis of the data analysis of subway credit card, this paper makes a survey on the occupation and residence relationship of the workers and staff in the high-tech zone and its influencing factors. The results show that in a complex and diverse city, the social and economic attributes of the residents will greatly affect their choice of occupation and housing space. Therefore, when studying how to improve commuting efficiency, policy makers should not only pay attention to the occupation and housing balance of land use from the urban spatial structure, but also seriously consider the deep-seated causes of the mismatch of occupational space. Based on the data of subway credit card and questionnaire survey, this paper analyzes the excessive commuting and influencing factors in Shenzhen City, and tries to combine the advantages of "big data" and "small data" and combine them organically. The application of data has certain theoretical significance and is a beneficial extension of the theory of excessive commuting. In addition, this paper applies the theory of excessive commuting to the empirical research, analyzes the status quo of excessive commuting in Shenzhen and its influencing factors, and puts forward corresponding suggestions to promote a more reasonable relationship between occupation and housing in Shenzhen. It is of great practical significance to guide the urban sustainable development to provide the corresponding planning basis.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U12;TU984.191
本文编号：2175502
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in China, the completed space of most cities in China is expanding, the relationship between urban residents' occupational space and living space has changed significantly, and the problems caused by urban commuting (long-distance commuting, traffic congestion, urban commuting), Air pollution) is also increasingly prominent. Therefore, the study of the difference and relationship between the physical spatial structure of urban vocational residence and the choice of occupation and residence space of residents in reality will help us to understand the degree of mismatch of urban occupational space and the influencing factors. And to promote more reasonable occupation and housing relationship to provide the corresponding planning basis. Based on the theoretical and empirical research experience of excessive commuting at home and abroad, this paper studies the basic spatial characteristics of commuting and the problem of excessive commuting in Shenzhen by using the card data of Shenzhen Metro. At the same time, the representative employment center-Shenzhen Hi-tech Industrial Park (Hi-Tech Park) is selected as a case study to find out the factors that affect the choice of employment space for hi-tech park staff. Based on the subway data, this paper describes and analyzes the basic spatial structure of commuting in the area covered by the subway network in Shenzhen. The method of linear programming of White is used to calculate the over-commute rate of Shenzhen based on the data of card brushing. On the basis of the data analysis of subway credit card, this paper makes a survey on the occupation and residence relationship of the workers and staff in the high-tech zone and its influencing factors. The results show that in a complex and diverse city, the social and economic attributes of the residents will greatly affect their choice of occupation and housing space. Therefore, when studying how to improve commuting efficiency, policy makers should not only pay attention to the occupation and housing balance of land use from the urban spatial structure, but also seriously consider the deep-seated causes of the mismatch of occupational space. Based on the data of subway credit card and questionnaire survey, this paper analyzes the excessive commuting and influencing factors in Shenzhen City, and tries to combine the advantages of "big data" and "small data" and combine them organically. The application of data has certain theoretical significance and is a beneficial extension of the theory of excessive commuting. In addition, this paper applies the theory of excessive commuting to the empirical research, analyzes the status quo of excessive commuting in Shenzhen and its influencing factors, and puts forward corresponding suggestions to promote a more reasonable relationship between occupation and housing in Shenzhen. It is of great practical significance to guide the urban sustainable development to provide the corresponding planning basis.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U12;TU984.191
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