嘉鱼县中心城区绿地景观格局分析及生态网络优化研究

发布时间：2018-09-05 19:11

【摘要】：城镇绿地是城镇生态环境形成的基本要素,是维护城镇居民身心健康的基本保障,也是城镇生态安全的基本保障。良好的城镇生态环境质量的维持以及城镇的绿色发展依赖于科学性的城镇绿地生态网络。本文以嘉鱼县2015年航空遥感影像为主要数据源,应用ENVI4.7和ArcGIS10.2软件,并结合外业调查收集到的嘉鱼县的绿地现状资料,建立了嘉鱼县中心城区的绿地景观类型数据库。基于已建立的嘉鱼县中心城区的绿地景观类型数据库,运用Fragstats4.2软件,选择适宜嘉鱼县中心城区的绿地景观格局的指数并进行计算,分析其绿地景观格局。通过分析现状绿地节点和廊道,结合规划,明确生态节点和生态廊道,提出适合嘉鱼县中心城区的绿地生态网络预案,并采用网络分析法中对优化前后的绿地生态网络进行对比分析,从宏观景观尺度对研究区绿地景观建设及生态网络构建进行评价和提供建议。主要研究结论如下:(1)嘉鱼县中心城区的绿地主要由公园绿地、居住区绿地、公共建设绿地、道路绿地、生产绿地、防护绿地、其他绿地七种类型组成。其中,公园绿地面积最小,其他绿地面积最大;生产绿地和其他绿地的斑块数量占研究区绿地斑块总数的比重较大。研究区绿地按斑块面积分为小型斑块(≤0.05hm2)、中型斑块(0.05～0.3hm2)、中大型斑块(0.3～1hm2)和大型斑块("g1hm2)四个等级。其中,中大型和大型斑块对嘉鱼县中心城区的绿地生态网络影响显著,绿地景观斑块组成还比较合理,不是太过于破碎。(2)研究区其他绿地和生产绿地斑块破碎化程度较轻,而居住区绿地面积小,道路绿地斑块数量多且分布零散,斑块破碎化程度较高;各绿地景观类型分布不均匀,且多样性程度不够高,对绿地生态系统的影响差异显著;研究区各绿地景观类型间存在正的空间自相关关系,在空间上呈集聚分布;研究区绿地景观的连续性较好,各绿地景观类型的聚集度都较高。(3)嘉鱼县中心城区现状绿地网络通过确定生态节点和构建潜在生态廊道,提出研究区绿地生态网络预案,并且用α指数、β指数、γ指数等诸多指标来保证绿地生态网络结构预案进行,表明规划后的绿地生态网络各节点之间的连接度好,网络回路将更多,结构较为完善,在发挥线型生境功能并为物种提供生境等诸多方面具有极大的优势。
[Abstract]:Urban green space is the basic element of the formation of urban ecological environment, the basic guarantee of maintaining the physical and mental health of urban residents, and the basic guarantee of urban ecological security. The good urban ecological environment quality maintenance and the town green development depend on the scientific urban green space ecological network. In this paper, the aerial remote sensing image of Jiayu County in 2015 is taken as the main data source, and the database of green space landscape type in Jiayu County is established by using ENVI4.7 and ArcGIS10.2 software and combining with the present situation of green space in Jiayu County collected by field investigation. Based on the established database of green space landscape types in Jiayu county central city, the index of green space landscape pattern suitable for Jiayu county central city was selected and calculated by using Fragstats4.2 software, and the green space landscape pattern was analyzed. By analyzing the present situation of green space node and corridor, combined with the planning, the ecological node and ecological corridor are defined, and the green space ecological network plan suitable for Jiayu county central urban area is put forward. The green land ecological network before and after optimization was compared and analyzed by network analysis method, and the green space landscape construction and ecological network construction in the study area were evaluated and suggestions were provided from the macroscopic landscape scale. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the green space in Jiayu County is mainly composed of seven types: park green, residential green space, public construction green space, road green space, production green space, protected green space and other green space. Among them, the park green space area is the smallest, the other green space area is the largest, and the number of the production green space and other green space patches accounts for a large proportion of the total green patches in the study area. According to patch area, greenbelt was divided into four grades: small patch (鈮，

本文编号：2225208