冲击作用下压弯钢柱的动力响应特性和破坏模式研究
发布时间：2018-10-13 09:30
【摘要】：钢结构工程常用H型钢作承重柱构件,在其服役期可能遭受到偶然冲击作用而发生严重损伤或破坏,导致生命和财产的巨大损失。因而研究冲击作用下H型钢的动态响应、破坏模式及受冲击损伤后的剩余承载能力具有重要意义,可为钢结构的抗撞设计提供有益的借鉴。本文采用ABAQUS软件开展了压弯H型钢柱受横向冲击作用的数值模拟研究,主要工作和结论如下:(1)分别采用五种常用本构模型建立轴压Q235钢柱受横向冲击的有限元模型,对比分析数值模拟结果。结果发现:是否考虑应变率效应对模拟结果有较大影响;本构模型的模拟结果与冲击动能的高低有关;不同本构模型对冲击区域局部变形的数值模拟结果相互接近,对远离冲击区域的变形,数值模拟结果之间的偏差趋于增大,由局部到整体,不同本构模型的数值模拟结果之间相对偏差趋于增大。(2)研究了受横向冲击作用时压弯H型钢柱的破坏模式,并对动力响应的影响参数进行了分析。结果表明:压弯H型钢柱受横向冲击的破坏模式是翼缘局部失稳引起的平面内整体失稳破坏,是否发生平面内整体失稳主要取决于冲击动能,也与冲击位置、轴压力和柱端弯矩等有关;冲击动能(包括冲击质量和冲击速度)、冲击位置距固定端约束的距离、轴压力的增加都会加剧H型钢柱的动态响应,但相比柱端弯矩,压弯柱的动态响应对轴压力改变更为敏感;轴压柱上叠加弯矩时,存在减弱该轴压柱动态响应的轴压力-弯矩荷载组合,但随着叠加弯矩值的增大,柱的变形开始加剧直至失稳破坏。(3)提出显式-隐式序列数值模拟方案模拟冲击损伤状态,并对受冲击损伤的H型钢柱进行了承载力分析。结果发现冲击动能和冲击位置是影响钢柱受冲击损伤后刚度的关键影响因素;当塑性充分发展后,受冲击损伤钢柱最终的承载力趋于相同;受冲击损伤H型钢柱首先整体失稳破坏,随后柱高中部和柱脚部翼缘局部屈曲;远离发生冲击过程破坏的临界冲击-荷载状态时,剩余承载力系数与冲击动能、冲击点到固定端约束的距离、弯矩、轴压力呈负相关,当接近这个临界状态时,剩余承载力系数会突然减小;相比而言,弯矩的改变对剩余承载力的影响最小;冲击最不利位置位于柱高中点略高处,冲击动能的不同速度和质量组合对剩余承载力系数影响较小,但冲击质量较大的组合最不利;通过拟合得到冲击引起的钢柱轴向位移增量与剩余承载力系数的关系曲线。
[Abstract]:In steel structure engineering, H-section steel is commonly used as load-bearing column member, which may be seriously damaged or destroyed by accidental impact during its service period, resulting in huge loss of life and property. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the dynamic response, failure mode and residual bearing capacity of H-beam subjected to impact, which can be used for reference in the design of steel structures. In this paper, the numerical simulation of transverse impact on H-shaped steel columns is carried out by using ABAQUS software. The main work and conclusions are as follows: (1) the finite element models of axial compression Q235 steel columns subjected to transverse impact are established by using five kinds of constitutive models respectively. The numerical simulation results are compared and analyzed. The results show that whether the strain rate effect is taken into account has a great influence on the simulation results, the simulation results of constitutive models are related to the impact kinetic energy, and the numerical simulation results of local deformation in different constitutive models are close to each other. For the deformation far away from the impact region, the deviation between the numerical simulation results tends to increase, from local to whole, The relative deviations between the numerical simulation results of different constitutive models tend to increase. (2) the failure modes of H-shaped columns subjected to transverse impact are studied and the influence parameters of dynamic response are analyzed. The results show that the failure mode of H-shaped columns subjected to transverse impact is the overall instability of the flange caused by local instability. Whether the overall instability occurs in the plane is mainly determined by the impact kinetic energy and the impact position. The impact kinetic energy (including impact mass and impact velocity), the distance between the impact position and the fixed end constraint, the increase of axial pressure will increase the dynamic response of H-shaped steel column, but compared with the column end moment, the axial pressure will increase the dynamic response of H-shaped steel column. The dynamic response of the column is more sensitive to the change of axial pressure, and there is an axial pressure-moment load combination which weakens the dynamic response of the column, but with the increase of the superposition moment value, there is a combination of axial pressure-moment load to weaken the dynamic response of the column. (3) the explicit and implicit sequence numerical simulation scheme is proposed to simulate the impact damage state, and the bearing capacity of H-shaped steel column subjected to impact damage is analyzed. The results show that the impact kinetic energy and impact position are the key factors affecting the stiffness of steel column after impact damage, and the ultimate bearing capacity of the steel column subjected to impact damage tends to be the same when the plasticity is fully developed. The H-shaped steel column subjected to impact damage first loses stability, then the flange of the column is buckled locally, and the residual bearing capacity coefficient and the impact kinetic energy are far away from the critical impact-load state of the impact failure. The distance between the impact point and the fixed end is negatively correlated with the moment and axial pressure. When approaching this critical state, the residual bearing capacity coefficient will suddenly decrease, while the change of bending moment has the least effect on the residual bearing capacity. The most disadvantageous position of impact is located at the high and high point of the column. The combination of different velocity and mass of impact kinetic energy has little effect on the residual bearing capacity coefficient, but the combination with larger impact mass is the most disadvantageous. The relation curve between the axial displacement increment and the residual bearing capacity coefficient of steel column caused by impact is obtained by fitting.
【学位授予单位】：福建工程学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU391
[Abstract]:In steel structure engineering, H-section steel is commonly used as load-bearing column member, which may be seriously damaged or destroyed by accidental impact during its service period, resulting in huge loss of life and property. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the dynamic response, failure mode and residual bearing capacity of H-beam subjected to impact, which can be used for reference in the design of steel structures. In this paper, the numerical simulation of transverse impact on H-shaped steel columns is carried out by using ABAQUS software. The main work and conclusions are as follows: (1) the finite element models of axial compression Q235 steel columns subjected to transverse impact are established by using five kinds of constitutive models respectively. The numerical simulation results are compared and analyzed. The results show that whether the strain rate effect is taken into account has a great influence on the simulation results, the simulation results of constitutive models are related to the impact kinetic energy, and the numerical simulation results of local deformation in different constitutive models are close to each other. For the deformation far away from the impact region, the deviation between the numerical simulation results tends to increase, from local to whole, The relative deviations between the numerical simulation results of different constitutive models tend to increase. (2) the failure modes of H-shaped columns subjected to transverse impact are studied and the influence parameters of dynamic response are analyzed. The results show that the failure mode of H-shaped columns subjected to transverse impact is the overall instability of the flange caused by local instability. Whether the overall instability occurs in the plane is mainly determined by the impact kinetic energy and the impact position. The impact kinetic energy (including impact mass and impact velocity), the distance between the impact position and the fixed end constraint, the increase of axial pressure will increase the dynamic response of H-shaped steel column, but compared with the column end moment, the axial pressure will increase the dynamic response of H-shaped steel column. The dynamic response of the column is more sensitive to the change of axial pressure, and there is an axial pressure-moment load combination which weakens the dynamic response of the column, but with the increase of the superposition moment value, there is a combination of axial pressure-moment load to weaken the dynamic response of the column. (3) the explicit and implicit sequence numerical simulation scheme is proposed to simulate the impact damage state, and the bearing capacity of H-shaped steel column subjected to impact damage is analyzed. The results show that the impact kinetic energy and impact position are the key factors affecting the stiffness of steel column after impact damage, and the ultimate bearing capacity of the steel column subjected to impact damage tends to be the same when the plasticity is fully developed. The H-shaped steel column subjected to impact damage first loses stability, then the flange of the column is buckled locally, and the residual bearing capacity coefficient and the impact kinetic energy are far away from the critical impact-load state of the impact failure. The distance between the impact point and the fixed end is negatively correlated with the moment and axial pressure. When approaching this critical state, the residual bearing capacity coefficient will suddenly decrease, while the change of bending moment has the least effect on the residual bearing capacity. The most disadvantageous position of impact is located at the high and high point of the column. The combination of different velocity and mass of impact kinetic energy has little effect on the residual bearing capacity coefficient, but the combination with larger impact mass is the most disadvantageous. The relation curve between the axial displacement increment and the residual bearing capacity coefficient of steel column caused by impact is obtained by fitting.
【学位授予单位】：福建工程学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU391
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