基于模糊控制的建筑结构振动分散控制理论与计算方法
发布时间：2018-10-21 13:46
【摘要】：传统的结构振动控制算法通常需要精确的数学模型参数。土木工程结构包括受力的结构构件和不受力的非结构构件,所以建模时难以得到模型的真实参数,结构振动过程的刚度、质量的变化也会对结算结果有影响。因此,研究不依赖于精确计算模型、调节简单的模糊控制是结构振动控制发展的一个热点问题。传统的结构控制系统采用的集中控制模式是单点的,一个控制器的故障会导致整个控制系统的失效。分散控制是将被控结构被划分成一系列子系统,每一个子系统使用局部信息独立地控制,提高了控制系统的稳定性。本文针对建筑模型在地震作用下的结构振动控制问题,引入了模糊控制算法以及分散控制策略,使用MATLAB软件进行编程和计算,主要研究了以下几个方面的内容:1、对模糊逻辑控制算法、分散控制策略和线性二次型(LQR)重叠分散控制算法进行了理论分析。2、针对地震激励下高层建筑结构振动半主动控制问题,引入模糊逻辑控制理论,解决了传统控制算法需要精确的力学数学模型的复杂性问题。对20层Benchmark模型设计了模糊控制器,MR阻尼器采用层间驱动的方式,考虑了MR阻尼器的只能输出阻止结构运动的控制力特性。仿真结果表明模糊控制可以有效控制地震作用下高层建筑结构的层间位移。3、针对地震激励下高层建筑结构集中控制策略容易出现的问题,同时引入分散控制策略和模糊控制理论,对20层Benchmark模型设计了模糊分散控制器,作动器采用直接驱动的方式,仿真结果表明模糊分散控制可以实现与LQR分散控制较为接近的控制效果。同时验证了模糊分散控制具有结构刚度变化时的鲁棒性以及传感器失效时的稳定性。4、针对地震激励下多层建筑的结构振动控制问题,对某6层剪切型框架模型,采用层间驱动以及直接驱动两种MR阻尼器的安置方式,分别设计了地震作用下多层建筑结构振动的模糊控制器。仿真结果表明当MR阻尼器采用层间驱动方式时,模糊控制的位移控制效果良好,但加速度控制效果较差。当MR阻尼器采用支撑于大地的直接驱动方式时,仿真结果表明其位移和加速度的控制效果均良好。同时比较了开环、闭环以及开闭环系统的控制效果。本文的研究结果表明:当MR阻尼器采用层间驱动方式时,模糊控制在位移的控制上与LQR控制具有类似的控制效果,加速度的控制效果较差;当作动器采用直接驱动方式时,模糊分散控制与LQR分散控制在位移和加速度的控制效果上都比较接近。模糊分散控制不依赖于精确的力学数学模型,且克服了集中控制容易失效的问题,同时具有良好的鲁棒性和稳定性,更具现实意义。
[Abstract]:Traditional structural vibration control algorithms usually require precise mathematical model parameters. Civil engineering structures include structural members and non-structural members, so it is difficult to obtain the real parameters of the model when modeling. The stiffness and mass of the structure vibration process will also affect the settlement results. Therefore, the research on simple fuzzy control is a hot issue in the development of structural vibration control. The centralized control mode used in the traditional structural control system is single point, and the failure of one controller will lead to the failure of the whole control system. Decentralized control is to divide the controlled structure into a series of subsystems, each subsystem using local information independent control, improve the stability of the control system. In this paper, a fuzzy control algorithm and a decentralized control strategy are introduced to control the structural vibration of a building model under earthquake, and the software MATLAB is used to program and calculate the structure vibration. The main contents are as follows: 1. The fuzzy logic control algorithm, the decentralized control strategy and the linear quadratic (LQR) overlapping decentralized control algorithm are analyzed theoretically. 2, aiming at the vibration semi-active control problem of tall building structure under earthquake excitation, the paper analyzes the theory of the fuzzy logic control algorithm, the decentralized control strategy and the linear quadratic (LQR) overlapping decentralized control algorithm. The fuzzy logic control theory is introduced to solve the complexity problem of the traditional control algorithm which needs accurate mechanical mathematical model. A fuzzy controller is designed for the 20-layer Benchmark model. The MR damper is driven between layers, and the control force characteristics of the MR damper can only output to prevent the structure from moving. The simulation results show that fuzzy control can effectively control the interstory displacement of high-rise building structure under earthquake. 3. Aiming at the problems of centralized control strategy of high-rise building structure under earthquake excitation, the fuzzy control can effectively control the displacement of high-rise building structure under earthquake. At the same time, by introducing the decentralized control strategy and fuzzy control theory, a fuzzy decentralized controller is designed for the 20-layer Benchmark model, and the actuator is driven directly. The simulation results show that fuzzy decentralized control can achieve a control effect close to that of LQR decentralized control. At the same time, the robustness of fuzzy decentralized control with structural stiffness change and the stability of sensor failure are verified. 4. Aiming at the vibration control problem of multi-story building under earthquake excitation, a 6-story shear frame model is studied. The fuzzy controller for vibration of multi-story building structure under earthquake action is designed by adopting two kinds of MR dampers with interlayer driving and direct driving respectively. The simulation results show that the displacement control effect of fuzzy control is good but the acceleration control effect is poor when the MR damper adopts the interlayer drive mode. The simulation results show that the control effect of displacement and acceleration is good when the MR damper adopts the direct driving mode supported on the earth. At the same time, the control effect of open loop, closed loop and open closed loop system is compared. The results show that: when the MR damper adopts the interlayer drive mode, the fuzzy control has a similar control effect to the LQR control in the displacement control, and the acceleration control effect is poor, and when the direct drive mode is used as the actuator, the fuzzy control has a similar control effect to the LQR control. The effect of fuzzy decentralized control and LQR decentralized control on displacement and acceleration is close. Fuzzy decentralized control does not depend on accurate mathematical model of mechanics and overcomes the problem that centralized control is prone to failure. At the same time it has good robustness and stability and has more practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU311.3
本文编号：2285261
[Abstract]:Traditional structural vibration control algorithms usually require precise mathematical model parameters. Civil engineering structures include structural members and non-structural members, so it is difficult to obtain the real parameters of the model when modeling. The stiffness and mass of the structure vibration process will also affect the settlement results. Therefore, the research on simple fuzzy control is a hot issue in the development of structural vibration control. The centralized control mode used in the traditional structural control system is single point, and the failure of one controller will lead to the failure of the whole control system. Decentralized control is to divide the controlled structure into a series of subsystems, each subsystem using local information independent control, improve the stability of the control system. In this paper, a fuzzy control algorithm and a decentralized control strategy are introduced to control the structural vibration of a building model under earthquake, and the software MATLAB is used to program and calculate the structure vibration. The main contents are as follows: 1. The fuzzy logic control algorithm, the decentralized control strategy and the linear quadratic (LQR) overlapping decentralized control algorithm are analyzed theoretically. 2, aiming at the vibration semi-active control problem of tall building structure under earthquake excitation, the paper analyzes the theory of the fuzzy logic control algorithm, the decentralized control strategy and the linear quadratic (LQR) overlapping decentralized control algorithm. The fuzzy logic control theory is introduced to solve the complexity problem of the traditional control algorithm which needs accurate mechanical mathematical model. A fuzzy controller is designed for the 20-layer Benchmark model. The MR damper is driven between layers, and the control force characteristics of the MR damper can only output to prevent the structure from moving. The simulation results show that fuzzy control can effectively control the interstory displacement of high-rise building structure under earthquake. 3. Aiming at the problems of centralized control strategy of high-rise building structure under earthquake excitation, the fuzzy control can effectively control the displacement of high-rise building structure under earthquake. At the same time, by introducing the decentralized control strategy and fuzzy control theory, a fuzzy decentralized controller is designed for the 20-layer Benchmark model, and the actuator is driven directly. The simulation results show that fuzzy decentralized control can achieve a control effect close to that of LQR decentralized control. At the same time, the robustness of fuzzy decentralized control with structural stiffness change and the stability of sensor failure are verified. 4. Aiming at the vibration control problem of multi-story building under earthquake excitation, a 6-story shear frame model is studied. The fuzzy controller for vibration of multi-story building structure under earthquake action is designed by adopting two kinds of MR dampers with interlayer driving and direct driving respectively. The simulation results show that the displacement control effect of fuzzy control is good but the acceleration control effect is poor when the MR damper adopts the interlayer drive mode. The simulation results show that the control effect of displacement and acceleration is good when the MR damper adopts the direct driving mode supported on the earth. At the same time, the control effect of open loop, closed loop and open closed loop system is compared. The results show that: when the MR damper adopts the interlayer drive mode, the fuzzy control has a similar control effect to the LQR control in the displacement control, and the acceleration control effect is poor, and when the direct drive mode is used as the actuator, the fuzzy control has a similar control effect to the LQR control. The effect of fuzzy decentralized control and LQR decentralized control on displacement and acceleration is close. Fuzzy decentralized control does not depend on accurate mathematical model of mechanics and overcomes the problem that centralized control is prone to failure. At the same time it has good robustness and stability and has more practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU311.3
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