湘桂边境地区苗族与侗族居住文化互动与变迁研究

发布时间：2018-10-23 21:05

【摘要】：在中国几千年的历史进程中,苗族与侗族一直是相互扶持的两个民族。在文化发展的历程中,两个民族先后历经了"郡县制"、"羁縻制度"、"土司制度"、"改土归流"等由历代中央王朝推行的少数民族治理措施,从而引起了在不同文化形态影响下民族文化的形成、整合、变迁,逐步形成了自身固有的文化特点。本文研究对象是湘桂边境地区的苗族与侗族,通过控制环境变量的方法,选取处于相似地理环境下的村寨来研究两个民族在上千年的历史进程中所发生居住文化的碰撞,相互之间影响和各自民族本身的特点。文中引入了"长时段"的理念,将两个民族发展的不同时期作为本论文研究居住文化互动与变迁的时间段依据,分形成时期、成熟时期、互动变迁时期这三个时期来研究苗族与侗族的聚落和民居。这三个时段中的每一个时期,苗族和侗族的整体意识形态均处于相同的状态,这就使苗族和侗族居住文化的对比有了一个清晰的逻辑关系。本文分为四个部分:第一部分(第一、二章)介绍背景和苗族与侗族的基本情况。包括研究工作的准备、两个民族的基本状况及民族发展时期的划定。第二部分(第三章)从村寨形态的层面来介绍苗寨与侗寨的聚落互动与变迁,分别从聚落形态、聚落结构与规模尺度等方面来阐述苗寨与侗寨在不同时期的异同点。第三部分(第四章)从建筑单体层面来介绍苗居与侗居互动与变迁,阐述不同时期苗居与侗居的平面功能、材料构造以及各民族公共建筑的变迁,从而得出不同时期苗居与侗居之间的相互影响。第四部分(第五章)为总结性对比,分别从村寨与民居的角度进行对苗族与侗族居住文化的变迁进行梳理,总结出两个民族居住文化互动变迁的发展规律。
[Abstract]:In the course of thousands of years of history, Miao and Dong have always supported each other. In the course of cultural development, the two ethnic groups have successively gone through the system of prefectures and counties, the Jimi system, the Tusi system, the reform of the land and the flow of land, and so on, which were carried out by the central dynasties of the past dynasties. Therefore, the formation, integration and change of national culture under the influence of different cultural forms gradually formed its own inherent cultural characteristics. The research object of this paper is Miao nationality and Dong nationality in the border area of Hunan and Guangxi. Through the method of controlling the environmental variable, the village in the similar geographical environment is selected to study the collision of residential culture between the two nationalities in the historical process of thousands of years. Influence each other and the characteristics of each nation itself. This paper introduces the concept of "long period", taking the different periods of development of the two nationalities as the basis for the study of the interaction and changes of residential culture in this paper, and divides them into forming periods and mature periods. These three periods of interactive change study the settlement and residence of Miao and Dong ethnic groups. In each of these three periods, the whole ideology of Miao and Dong is in the same state, which makes the contrast between Miao and Dong have a clear logical relationship. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part (chapter one and two) introduces the background and the basic situation of Miao and Dong nationality. Including the preparation of the research work, the basic situation of the two nationalities and the delineation of the period of national development. The second part (chapter three) introduces the interaction and changes between Miao village and Dong village from the aspect of village form, and expounds the similarities and differences between Miao village and Dong village in different periods from the aspects of settlement form, settlement structure and scale. The third part (chapter four) introduces the interaction and changes between Miao and Dong residents from the building monomer level, expounds the plane function, material structure and the changes of public buildings of different nationalities in different periods. Thus, the interaction between Miao population and Dong population in different periods was obtained. The fourth part (chapter five) is the summative contrast, respectively from the village and the folk residence angle carries on the comb to the Miao nationality and the Dong nationality residential culture vicissitude, summarizes the two nationalities living culture interaction vicissitude development rule.
【学位授予单位】：吉林建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K892.25;TU-05

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