基于SWMM模型的LID方案排涝能力评估

发布时间：2018-10-24 11:18

【摘要】：“海绵城市”已经逐渐成为我国独特的城市开发理念,而低影响开发技术(LID)作为一种有效的科学方法,也逐渐被应用到我国的海绵城市建设过程中。LID技术与传统的雨水调蓄设施相比具有十分明显的优势,然而,却鲜见论文对两种方案进行对比研究分析。因此,本文利用深圳X大学部分易积水地块作为研究对象,应用SWMM模型对开发现状进行建模,对绿色屋顶,渗透铺装,雨水花园三项选定的LID措施以及雨水调蓄池进行全方位的评价。得出以下结论:1、从排放总量削减效果来看,在2~50年的降雨重现期条件下,雨水花园渗透铺装绿色屋顶;2、从排放口峰值流量削减效果来看,在2~50年的降雨重现期条件下,雨水花园绿色屋顶渗透铺装;3、从径流系数削减效果来看,在2~50年的降雨重现期条件下,渗透铺装绿色屋顶雨水花园;4、降雨重现期P相同的条件下,中部调蓄池所需容积比末端调蓄池小,考虑到造价,土地利用等因素,宜将雨水调蓄池设在管网中部。将雨水花园、渗透铺装和绿色屋顶三种LID措施,按照不同改造比例进行组合,形成12种改造方案,添加至现状SWMM水力模型,并在下列3个控制目标条件下(1、2年一遇24小时降雨条件下,开发建设后的外排雨水设计流量不大于开发前的水平;2、10年一遇24小时降雨条件下,综合径流系数不大于0.6;3、研究区域经过LID改造之后,在50年降雨条件下,路面积水深度不超过15cm。)对方案进行筛选。根据模拟结果,最后得出四个方案符合设计目标,分别是:绿色屋顶(100%)+透水铺装(100%);绿色屋顶(100%)+透水铺装(100%)+雨水花园(10%);绿色屋顶(80%)+透水铺装(100%)+雨水花园(8%);绿色屋顶(80%)+透水铺装(100%)+雨水花园(6%)。将上述四种合格方案与传统雨水调蓄池从水文防洪效益、全生命周期成本、社会效益等方面进行全方位对比,并利用AHP层次分析法建立判断矩阵,进行能效分析。结果表明:雨水蓄水池具有较好的水文防洪效益,但是从成本投入情况、产生的社会效益来看,LID改造方案具有明显优势。对防洪效益,成本投入,社会效益进行综合分析,通过比较综合能效值的大小发现各LID改造方案均大于传统雨水调蓄池,充分说明了LID改造方案的优势。
[Abstract]:"Sponge City" has gradually become a unique concept of urban development in China, and the low-impact development technology (LID) is an effective scientific method. LID technology has a very obvious advantage over the traditional Rain Water storage facilities. However, few papers have carried out comparative study and analysis of the two schemes. Therefore, in this paper, we use part of the easily stagnant land of Shenzhen X University as the research object, using the SWMM model to model the development status, green roof, infiltration pavement, Rain Water Garden three selected LID measures as well as Rain Water storage pool for comprehensive evaluation. The conclusions are as follows: 1, from the effect of total emission reduction, under the rainfall recurrence period of 2 ~ 50 years, Rain Water Garden permeates the green roof, and 2, from the peak discharge reduction effect of discharge outlet, under the rainfall recurrence period of 2 ~ 50 years, Rain Water Garden Green Roof infiltration pavement; 3, from the effect of runoff coefficient reduction, under the condition of rainfall recurrence period of 2 ~ 50 years, Permeation pavement Green Roof Rain Water Garden; 4, under the same rainfall recurrence period P, The volume of the central storage pool is smaller than that of the terminal storage pool. Considering the factors of cost and land use, Rain Water storage pool should be located in the middle of the pipe network. The LID measures of Rain Water Garden, permeable pavement and Green Roof were combined according to different proportion of transformation to form 12 retrofit schemes, which were added to the current SWMM hydraulic model. And under the following three control objective conditions (1, 2 years and 24 hours of rainfall), the designed discharge of Rain Water after development and construction is not greater than the level before development, and under the condition of 24 hours of rainfall once in 2, 10 years, The comprehensive runoff coefficient is not more than 0.60.0.After the LID transformation, under the rainfall condition of 50 years, the depth of accumulated water on the road surface is not more than 15cm. Screen the scheme. Finally, according to the simulation results, four schemes accord with the design goal. They are: green roof (100%) permeable pavement (100%), green roof (100%) permeable pavement (100%), Rain Water garden (10%), green roof (80%) permeable pavement (100%), Rain Water garden (8%), green roof (80%), permeable pavement (100%) and Rain Water garden (6%). The results show that Rain Water reservoir has better hydrological and flood control benefits, but from the point of view of the cost input and the social benefit, the LID reconstruction scheme has obvious advantages. Based on the comprehensive analysis of flood control benefit, cost input and social benefit, by comparing the value of comprehensive energy efficiency, it is found that each LID reconstruction scheme is larger than the traditional Rain Water storage pool, which fully illustrates the advantages of the LID transformation scheme.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU992

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